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人次

English translation: man-times

GLOSSARY ENTRY (DERIVED FROM QUESTION BELOW)
Chinese term or phrase:人次
English translation:man-times
Entered by: Edwin Baak

16:22 Sep 17, 2008
Chinese to English translations [PRO]
Social Sciences - General / Conversation / Greetings / Letters
Chinese term or phrase: 人次
2007年我院对外学术交流总量为1880批4460人次，其中派出1007批1585人次，来访299批1446人次

In 2007, the number of international academic exchanges totalled 4,460 person-times (in 1880 batches), of which outflow was 1585 person-times (in 1007 batches) and inflow 1,446 person-times (in 299 batches).

The translation above (batches) and (person-times) is proposed by the Chinese translator. I have made some other suggestions, which they all rejected.

Who can make a suggestion to translate these two words? Most grateful.

批次
人次
Edwin Baak
China
Local time: 20:49
man times
Explanation:
Some people may visit the place several times, e.g., two people visited the place for ten times, and that's still two people, but can be counted as 20 man times, in statistics, the receiving agency may say "we received two people----20 man times this year", just as we use "man hours", "man days" etc. "Man" here includes both "man" and "woman". "Person-times" may also do, but just too politically correct, sounding a little weired.
Selected response from:

orientalhorizon
Local time: 20:49
Grading comment
人次 = man-times

After further research and tips from other translators, I have reached the conclusion that for “人次” we should use the English translation “man-times”

Relevant sources and references:
man-times (analogous to man-hours)
Source: ABC dictionary Chinese-English by John DeFrancis

On the Internet I found the following (only) authentic usage in the sense of the Chinese word (人次):

How many man times are people downloading it?
BUT 1.5 Million, how many of those are people redownloading over and over.
http://www.osnews.com/thread?304384

Finally, I have looked at translations by Chinese translators. Chinese translators from Mainland China mostly use “person-times” although I found one website in Yunnan which uses mantimes.

Most translators from Hong Kong and Taiwan, and overseas use the translation “man-times”. Assuming that Chinese translators in the US and Hong Kong have more exposure to English and a better understanding of its usage, I suggest to follow their translation.

While “person-times” might be more gender neutral, I prefer man-times as the more acceptable form. Given low frequency and (low) transparency, I prefer the hyphenised spelling.

Therefore I have chosen the word “man-times” as most appropriate in this context.

4 KudoZ points were awarded for this answer



Summary of answers provided
4 +3people
lingyan
4 +1person(s)
Wenjer Leuschel (X)
4 +1man times
orientalhorizon
4 +1person times
Ritchest
4individuals
Malcolm Mayfield


  

Answers


10 mins   confidence: Answerer confidence 4/5Answerer confidence 4/5 peer agreement (net): +1
person(s)


Explanation:
As the previous suggestion.

Wenjer Leuschel (X)
Taiwan
Local time: 20:49
Specializes in field
Native speaker of: Native in ChineseChinese
PRO pts in category: 40
Notes to answerer
Asker: Thanks for your suggestions. It took me a while to grasp the concept expressed through these two Chinese words. The words “groups” (+ all variants) and “persons” (+ all variants) are wrong, because they are too limited. “Groups” excludes the option of less than 2, while “persons” by focusing on only the first part of the Chinese word is wrong because it inflates the number. For批次 it was felt that “delegation” would also be correct. For人次 any translation that focuses on 人 without taking 次 into account in any significant way (e.g. persons, people, participants, individuals, etc.) are all insufficient.


Peer comments on this answer (and responses from the answerer)
agree  Malcolm Mayfield: Pretty much as good as my suggestion, so I guess those droopy ears just kind of got to me.
2 days 3 hrs
  -> Thanks. There are many possible ways to say the same thing. How about participants or attendees?
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2 hrs   confidence: Answerer confidence 4/5Answerer confidence 4/5 peer agreement (net): +3
people


Explanation:
"people" work better in this sentence because it flows more smoothly in the sentence. Also, instead of "batches", I would suggest "groups", which is used more to describe people than "batches".

lingyan
Local time: 08:49
Specializes in field
Native speaker of: Native in EnglishEnglish, Native in ChineseChinese
Notes to answerer
Asker: Thanks for your suggestions. It took me a while to grasp the concept expressed through these two Chinese words. The words “groups” (+ all variants) and “persons” (+ all variants) are wrong, because they are too limited. “Groups” excludes the option of less than 2, while “persons” by focusing on only the first part of the Chinese word is wrong because it inflates the number. For批次 it was felt that “delegation” would also be correct. For人次 any translation that focuses on 人 without taking 次 into account in any significant way (e.g. persons, people, participants, individuals, etc.) are all insufficient.


Peer comments on this answer (and responses from the answerer)
agree  Yi Yuan (X): yes, 4460 people. 批次 groups/delegations 人次people/visitors
1 hr
agree  doorkeeper: yes, people/visitors and groups/delegations are better, and they are more English.
5 hrs
agree  Ocean520: 人次：visits
12 hrs
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9 hrs   confidence: Answerer confidence 4/5Answerer confidence 4/5 peer agreement (net): +1
man times


Explanation:
Some people may visit the place several times, e.g., two people visited the place for ten times, and that's still two people, but can be counted as 20 man times, in statistics, the receiving agency may say "we received two people----20 man times this year", just as we use "man hours", "man days" etc. "Man" here includes both "man" and "woman". "Person-times" may also do, but just too politically correct, sounding a little weired.

orientalhorizon
Local time: 20:49
Works in field
Native speaker of: Native in ChineseChinese
PRO pts in category: 24
Grading comment
人次 = man-times

After further research and tips from other translators, I have reached the conclusion that for “人次” we should use the English translation “man-times”

Relevant sources and references:
man-times (analogous to man-hours)
Source: ABC dictionary Chinese-English by John DeFrancis

On the Internet I found the following (only) authentic usage in the sense of the Chinese word (人次):

How many man times are people downloading it?
BUT 1.5 Million, how many of those are people redownloading over and over.
http://www.osnews.com/thread?304384

Finally, I have looked at translations by Chinese translators. Chinese translators from Mainland China mostly use “person-times” although I found one website in Yunnan which uses mantimes.

Most translators from Hong Kong and Taiwan, and overseas use the translation “man-times”. Assuming that Chinese translators in the US and Hong Kong have more exposure to English and a better understanding of its usage, I suggest to follow their translation.

While “person-times” might be more gender neutral, I prefer man-times as the more acceptable form. Given low frequency and (low) transparency, I prefer the hyphenised spelling.

Therefore I have chosen the word “man-times” as most appropriate in this context.

Peer comments on this answer (and responses from the answerer)
agree  Francis Fine: Yes, you hit the nail on the head. I suggest man-times. In military (Air Force) speak, it is "man-sortie."
21 hrs
  -> Thank you very much!
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11 hrs   confidence: Answerer confidence 4/5Answerer confidence 4/5 peer agreement (net): +1
person times


Explanation:
person times
Before 1983 there were only 38 person times. But within 9 years after 1984, there were 128 person times.
1983年前的19 a仅收治38人次,1984年后的9 a则收治128人次。



The 3306 cases of nasopharyngeal malignant tumors accounted for 68 83% of overall malignancies in the ENT, 50 46% of the head and neck malignancies and 20 04% of the malignant tumors in the whole body The mean annual incidence of nasopharyngeal malignant tumors was 125 1 (1962 to 1971), 146 5 (1972 to 1981) and 147 5 (1982 to 1985) person times respectively.
占全身的2004％。 年平均就诊人次为1251（1962～1971）、1465（1972～1981）、1475（1982～1985），表明NPC就诊具有稳定性。
The rate of eligibility iodized salt raise from 72.72% to 90.85%,children IDD falls from 37.70% to 6.12% and the chroma of urine iodin raise from 35.23μg/gCr to 249.35μg/L since the whole civilian used iodized salt from 1980 to 1999,emphases confluence total take idized oil 4 212 374 person times from 1994 to 1996,average rate is 4.1%;
1980年全民食用碘盐防治后至 1999年碘盐合格率由 72 72 %上升至 90 85 % ,8～ 10岁儿童甲肿率由 37 70 %降至 6 12 % ,尿碘均值由 35 2 3μg/ gCr上升至 2 49 35 μg/L ; 1994～ 1996年重点人群累计补服碘油丸 42 12 374人次 ,平均补服率 84 1% ;


Ritchest
Local time: 20:49
Native speaker of: Chinese
PRO pts in category: 26
Notes to answerer
Asker:


Peer comments on this answer (and responses from the answerer)
agree  Irene Chao
6 days
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1 day 11 hrs   confidence: Answerer confidence 4/5Answerer confidence 4/5
individuals


Explanation:
e.g. "1880 academic exchanges comprising 4460 individuals"
then "These exchanges consisted of 1007 outbound exchanges comprising...and 299 visiting groups comprising..."

--------------------------------------------------
Note added at 2 days3 hrs (2008-09-19 20:09:34 GMT)
--------------------------------------------------

(Note to self: be sure to bill all the person-times i've wasted here to my employer.)

--------------------------------------------------
Note added at 2 days3 hrs (2008-09-19 20:10:35 GMT)
--------------------------------------------------

...just kidding, y'all!

Malcolm Mayfield
United States
Local time: 07:49
Native speaker of: Native in EnglishEnglish
PRO pts in category: 12
Notes to answerer
Asker: Thanks for your suggestions. It took me a while to grasp the concept expressed through these two Chinese words. The words “groups” (+ all variants) and “persons” (+ all variants) are wrong, because they are too limited. “Groups” excludes the option of less than 2, while “persons” by focusing on only the first part of the Chinese word is wrong because it inflates the number. For批次 it was felt that “delegation” would also be correct. For人次 any translation that focuses on 人 without taking 次 into account in any significant way (e.g. persons, people, participants, individuals, etc.) are all insufficient.

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