16:14 Sep 4, 2017 |
Czech to English translations [PRO] Law/Patents - Law (general) | |||||||
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| Selected response from: Pavel Slama United Kingdom Local time: 09:32 | ||||||
Grading comment
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Summary of answers provided | ||||
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4 | relationship of specialty |
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relationship of specialty Explanation: To date, international criminal tribunals, following the United States (US) case law (Blockburger v. US, 1932, pp. 214-217), rely on two principles in order to establish whether multiple convictions are permissible: i) unilateral specialty and ii) reciprocal or bilateral specialty. An apparent concurrence of provisions, in particular, occurs when the offences in question are in a relationship of unilateral specialty: ‘if an action is legally regulated both by a general provision and by a specific one, the latter prevails as the more appropriate of the two, since it is more specifically directed toward that action (in toto jure genus per speciem derogatur)’ (Prosecutor v. Kupreškić, 2000). On the other hand, an ideal concurrence of crimes occurs when the offences are in a relationship of bilateral specialty, i.e. where each offence requires proof of an additional element (the so called contextual element) which the other(s) does not. – http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2351667416... Zde je popsaný tentýž princip. -------------------------------------------------- Note added at 11 mins (2017-09-04 16:26:17 GMT) -------------------------------------------------- Vysvětleno lidsky to znamená, že je podle jednoho paragrafu definován konkrétněji, podle těch ostatních obecněji, takže nelze uznat vinným souběžně. |
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