03:21 Oct 14, 2012 |
English to Chinese translations [PRO] Tech/Engineering - Law: Patents, Trademarks, Copyright / 光学 | |||||||
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| Selected response from: chentan90 China Local time: 22:20 | ||||||
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4 +2 | 均值或中值 |
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均值或中值 Explanation: average 包含 mean的意思,但不止mean的意思 所以两者同时出现,average取其他意思——中值 在英文版的统计学书籍中,经常出现“Average”和“Mean”,但翻译成中文都是“均值”或“平均数”的意思。其实这两个统计术语是有不同的含义的。“Average”这个术语可以有三种表达方式,分别是“Mean”、“Median”和“Mode”。在质量工程师的考试中,经常会遇到要求求一组数的“Mean”、“Median”或“Mode”的情况。 “Mean”的准确定义是指一组数的“算术平均值”或“算术平均数”;“Median”是指一组数的“中值”或“中位数”(即是将这组数按从大到小或从小到大的顺序排列,排在最中间的那个数即是“中值”或“中位数”;如果这组数有偶数个数,则“中值”或“中位数”为按上述顺序排列的最中间的两个数的算术平均值);而“Mode”则是指一组数中的“众数”(即这组数中出现最多的那个数)。 举例来看,下面这组数中共有10个数: 1,2,2,2,2,3,3,4,4,5 Mean=(1+2+2+2+2+3+3+4+4+5)/10=2.8 Median=(2+3)/2=2.5(因为这组数中共有10个数,含有偶数个数,因此其“中值”应为最中间两位数的算术平均) Mode=2(因为2出现的个数最多,这组数中共有四个2) 值得注意的是:在统计学中,作为总体参数(Population Parameter)的“总体均值”只用“Mean”来表示(Population Mean:μ);而作为样本统计量(Sample Statistic)的“样本均值”,则一般用“Average”来表示(Sample Average:X-bar),有时也可用“Mean”来表示(Sample Mean:X-bar)。 |
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