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English to Russian translations [PRO] Social Sciences - Social Science, Sociology, Ethics, etc.
English term or phrase:influence
В тексте речь идёт об отношениях в группе в детском дома (в социальном смысле). Когда ребёнок попадает в детский дом, то, прежде чем стать полноправным членом группы, он проходит несколько этапов: THE PROCESS OF BECOMING A MEMBER: INCLUSION, INFLUENCE AND FRIENDSHIP В другом месте в тексте этапы даны чуть более подробно: inclusion, mutual control and influence, and intimacy and friendship.
Вот весь параграф (выделила слэшами то, что в тексте курсивом): THE PROCESS OF BECOMING A MEMBER: INCLUSION, INFLUENCE AND FRIENDSHIP The first question for a child is whether it feels included in a group. If you do not follow the rules of conduct you may be ///excluded///, if you do you may be ///included/// (such as: “He is a stranger from another village, but he is an excellent football player, so we accept him anyway” or “he is blind, but he is such a good boy who cares for others”). The second question is about roles, limits and decisions. There are ///systems of power and influence/// (for example: “Does mrs. A have more influence in the woman’s group than Mrs. B?” or “How much can the children decide, and what can the staff decide?”). Influence and power change all the time, so there are also natural ///conflicts and conflict resolution/// (such as: “Mr. A and mr. B have been arguing about where the fence should be placed between their two gardens, and mrs. A and mrs. B had to find a way to calm them down, so they arranged a lunch” or two children were fighting, and the staff had to intervene”). When such conflicts are resolved, there is suddenly room for ///close relations, intimacy and friendship///, and having someone you trust and can tell about confidential things “The two boys who were always fighting, and now they are the best of friends”).
In English, it is often said that one of the main attributes of "problem children" and, consequently, of "problem" adults, is that "they can't stand/take/hold with authority". That's what is meant there, I think: the ability to recognise, and abide, a social standing in others... and therefore in oneself too.
yanadeni (X)
Canada
ASKER
19:07 Sep 6, 2011
Я это поняла не с т.з. ребёнка, а с т.з. отношений в группе вообще. Т.е. новому члену группы надо понять "сферу влияния", т.е. кого надо слушаться беспрекословно (в этом конкретном случае - воспитателей), кого надо уважать/остерегаться/и т.п. (в случае конкретной группы - это разные дети, занимающие разные социальные роли в группе). Думаю, я недалеко ушла от правды.
Но это верно - текст сатурирован "авторизмами". Во многих местах я закрываю глаза на слова и перевожу то, что думаю, что _хотел_ сказать автор.
After I finally read the whole bit as well as the other bits in other entries on this translation, I've developed a doubt gradually becoming almost certainty that both yours AND MINE (and everybody else's) answers are completely wrong. To wit: the text is a "professional" xilolanguage referring to an accepted shop terminology; and I strongly suspect that what they are (awkwardly) referring to here is a child's ability to develop a concept/notion of authority and hence the ability to acknowledge and bear with such in adults. In fact, one of, say, Piage's classical key concepts indicating regular infantile defelopment is "authority"... but, I repeat, not OF the child but IN the child's perception of his social universe. So, Yana, caveant supplicantem!
Правда, социальные роли тоже могут быть, хуже чем низкими, - низменными: попрошайки, шестерки, шныри, подхалимы, шпионы и так далее. Авторитетный ребенок, однако, звучит смешно... Погодите! Пришло в голову отличное слово. Продам в примечании к моему ответу!
yanadeni (X)
Canada
ASKER
19:45 Sep 5, 2011
Статус можно быть и низким. Типа социальной роли. А авторитет - он понятно на каком месте по отношению к другим стоит.