fly challenge

English translation: Exposure

GLOSSARY ENTRY (DERIVED FROM QUESTION BELOW)
English term or phrase:fly challenge
Selected answer:Exposure
Entered by: acetran

10:39 Oct 18, 2015
English language (monolingual) [PRO]
Medical - Livestock / Animal Husbandry / veterinary medicines
English term or phrase: fly challenge
Good morning everyone,

I'm translating a series of veterinary medicines (mostly farm animals) and I come to this sentence:

"Repeated injections are needed at intervals of 10 to 12 weeks or more, depending on the level of **fly challenge**."

I'm not sure of the meaning of "challenge" here. "Exposure", maybe?

Thanks very much!
Patricia Patho
Germany
Local time: 13:00
Exposure
Explanation:
Yes, you are correct. Challenge here means exposure.

Exposure of the immune system mainly.

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Note added at 3 hrs (2015-10-18 14:13:16 GMT)
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Just wanted to clarify after Davis's comment that challenge refers to "exposure" (which will affect the immune system of the animal) and level of fly challenge refers to the level of flies in the animals' immediate environment.

--------------------------------------------------
Note added at 3 hrs (2015-10-18 14:15:45 GMT)
--------------------------------------------------

When you google challenge, the third hit is exposure.
Selected response from:

acetran
Grading comment
Thanks
4 KudoZ points were awarded for this answer



SUMMARY OF ALL EXPLANATIONS PROVIDED
4 +2Exposure
acetran
4fly infestation
airmailrpl
4infection through being bitten by flies
B D Finch


Discussion entries: 1





  

Answers


3 hrs   confidence: Answerer confidence 4/5Answerer confidence 4/5
fly infestation


Explanation:
fly challenge => fly infestation

Localização preferencial e índices diferenciados ... - SciELO
www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid...
Biological aspects of the bovines can lead to different levels of fly infestation in the herd. Mean numbers of flies on different anatomic regions and individual ...

Dynamics of Haematobia irritans irritans (Diptera: Muscidae ...
www.dx.doi.org/10.1590/S0074-02762001000400002
This subregion has an altitude around 100 m above sea level and consists of ... account the distribution pattern of fly infestation among animals (Steelman et al.

SciELO - DOIs
www.dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1984-29612013000400016
It is known that the level of horn fly infestation is affected by the hosts gender, age, coat color and breed, whereas individual susceptibility may characterize the ...

(Diptera: Muscidae) Infestation on Nelore Cattle in the ...
www.memorias.ioc.fiocruz.br/.../2605-dynamics-of-...
Oswaldo Cruz Foundation
The second approach took into account the distribution pattern of fly infestation among animals (Steelman et al. 1993). For each count, cows were distributed in ...

airmailrpl
Brazil
Local time: 09:00
Meets criteria
Native speaker of: Native in EnglishEnglish, Native in PortuguesePortuguese

Peer comments on this answer (and responses from the answerer)
neutral  Charles Davis: I posted the same answer, but withdrew it because I don't think it's right. Fly infestation exists, of course, but you need to demonstrate that "challenge" means that. I don't think it does; "fly challenge" is found referring to the animals' environment.
37 mins
  -> I don't need to demonstrate anything - I made a suggestion - the asker can accept it or use something else
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8 mins   confidence: Answerer confidence 4/5Answerer confidence 4/5 peer agreement (net): +2
Exposure


Explanation:
Yes, you are correct. Challenge here means exposure.

Exposure of the immune system mainly.

--------------------------------------------------
Note added at 3 hrs (2015-10-18 14:13:16 GMT)
--------------------------------------------------

Just wanted to clarify after Davis's comment that challenge refers to "exposure" (which will affect the immune system of the animal) and level of fly challenge refers to the level of flies in the animals' immediate environment.

--------------------------------------------------
Note added at 3 hrs (2015-10-18 14:15:45 GMT)
--------------------------------------------------

When you google challenge, the third hit is exposure.

acetran
Meets criteria
Works in field
Native speaker of: Native in HindiHindi, Native in EnglishEnglish
PRO pts in category: 4
Grading comment
Thanks

Peer comments on this answer (and responses from the answerer)
agree  Charles Davis: I've changed my mind. It means the quantity of flies in the animals' immediate environment, the volume of flies to which they are exposed. It doesn't refer to the immune system, though.
1 hr
  -> Correct. Explanation added. I thought similarly

neutral  Yvonne Gallagher: It's exposure to infection (from bites) imo (not to the immune system)
4 hrs
  -> non-pro marked?

agree  Tina Vonhof (X)
5 hrs
  -> Thanks :)
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1 day 8 hrs   confidence: Answerer confidence 4/5Answerer confidence 4/5
infection through being bitten by flies


Explanation:
Challenge means that the animal is actually infected with virus, bacteria or parasites, challenging its immune system and general health. It does not mean that there are flies in the environment that might or might not bite the animal. This is quite clear in the following, where challenge "by needle" couldn't possibly mean that there were a load of needles buzzing around int he animals' immediate vicinity.

"Mice receiving the KSAC or L110f vaccines were challenged by needle or L. major-infected sand flies. Weekly disease progression and terminal parasite loads were determined. Immunological responses to KSAC, L110f, or soluble Leishmania antigen (SLA) were assessed throughout vaccination, three and twelve weeks after immunization, and one week post-challenge."


    Reference: http://www.pubfacts.com/detail/22509423/KSAC-a-defined-Leish...
B D Finch
France
Local time: 13:00
Meets criteria
Native speaker of: English
PRO pts in category: 4
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