GLOSSARY ENTRY (DERIVED FROM QUESTION BELOW) | ||||||
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04:34 Aug 21, 2012 |
French to English translations [PRO] Social Sciences - International Org/Dev/Coop | |||||||
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| Selected response from: cc in nyc Local time: 18:17 | ||||||
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Summary of answers provided | ||||
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4 +3 | duty-bearers |
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5 | subjects of obligation |
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Summary of reference entries provided | |||
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source d'obligation / sujet d'obligation |
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subjects of obligation Explanation: "Les résultats désignent le changement des institutions et comportements des titulaires de droits et "sujets d'obligation". => "... ... subjects of obligation" It's a pair : "titulaires de droits" vs. "sujets d'obligation" What is the right of one person (the holder of some right) is the corresponding obligation for an other person involved (the one obliged to satisfy/fulfil/uphold the said right). Here "sujets d'obligation clés de leur communauté (hommes propriétaires, autorités locales, chefs traditionnels des X districts)" are those subjects (as in "subjects of law" i.e. persons, not subjects of a monarch) who are under obligation to assure/uphold certain rights i.e. "droits fonciers des femmes des zones rurales, protégés par la législation." Esamples: "1. Registering as an exporter: The National Government, through Decree 2788 of the August 31, 2004 of the Ministry of Finance, regulated the Unique Tax Registry (RUT, for its Spanish acronym), which constitutes the only mechanism to identify, locate, and classify subjects of obligation that are controlled and administered the National Directorate of Taxes and Customs (DIAN, for its Spanish acronym). .. " [https://www.mincomercio.gov.co/englishmin/publicaciones.php?...] GLOBAL OBLIGATIONS AND THE AGENCY OBJECTION Bill Wringe Abstract Many authors hold that collectives, as well as individuals can be the subjects of obligations.Typically these authors have focussed on the obligations of highly structured groups, and (less often)of small, informal groups. One might wonder, however, whether there could also be collective obligations which fall on everyone – what I shall call ‘global collective obligations’. ... [http://bilkent.academia.edu/BillWringe/Papers/922417/Global_...] |
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duty-bearers Explanation: Sounds like NGO-speak... Found this on Translator's Cafe: duty bearer Context It increases the effectiveness of the state as a duty bearer to ensure the realization of their citizens’ right to basic education and health services. sujet d'obligation http://cursosparatraductorescapacitacion.at.translatorscafe.... And a Unicef reference: Rights Holders and Duty Bearers Principal Duty Bearer: The States Assumed in the rights-based approach, every human being is inherently a right holder who should enjoy universal human rights that must be guaranteed. By ratifying the different United Nations human rights treaties, states automatically assume the principal roles of guaranteeing these rights, or, according to the RBA language, the “principal duty bearers” (Ljungman, 041)) States must take all necessary procedures to guarantee their citizens’ rights. Ljungman (2004) quotes van Weerelt’s description of the obligations of states as the principal duty holders as follows. […] http://www.advocate-for-children.org/advocacy/rights_based_a... Also, from a UNFPA site: In a human rights-based approach, human rights determine the relationship between individuals and groups with valid claims (rights-holders) and State and non-State actors with obligations (duty-bearers). http://www.unfpa.org/derechos/preguntas_eng.htm And: What is duty-bearer? A duty-bearer is responsible to a rights holder and is responsible for making sure that the rights of the rights-holder are being met. http://wiki.answers.com/Q/What_is_duty-bearer |
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