incrimination

English translation: legal definition (of the offence / of the offending behaviour)

16:12 Apr 10, 2013
French to English translations [PRO]
Law/Patents - Law: Patents, Trademarks, Copyright / copyright infringement
French term or phrase: incrimination
I am struggling with the translation of this term. The text says that, having extended the scope of "incriminations", copyright infringement is now punishable under criminal law. I first suggested indictable offence but the customer wasn't happy with that and changed it to just "offence". I am being asked to find a better translation, bearing in mind that in some parts of the text "incrimination" means "texte de loi qui définit l'infraction en elle-même" and they want something to paraphrases that... any ideas? I have also thought of criminal offences or criminal charges
Linda Ildevert (X)
United Kingdom
Local time: 18:36
English translation:legal definition (of the offence / of the offending behaviour)
Explanation:

"... Il s'agit de l'incrimination de vol, il donne la définition du comportement répréhensible. ..."
[http://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Incrimination]
=
"legal definition of the offence" i.e. the actual wording of the law defining what exactly is considered as the offending/illegal behaviour.

(of the "offending behaviour" is maybe more accurate, but associates too much to ASBOs)
Selected response from:

Daryo
United Kingdom
Local time: 18:36
Grading comment
Thank you Daryo for your help and for the excellent references
4 KudoZ points were awarded for this answer



Summary of answers provided
3 +3Criminal offense
Charlotte Farrell
4 +1legal definition (of the offence / of the offending behaviour)
Daryo
3 -3impeachment
Velizara Koleva
Summary of reference entries provided
Incrimination
Daryo

Discussion entries: 8





  

Answers


6 mins   confidence: Answerer confidence 3/5Answerer confidence 3/5 peer agreement (net): -3
impeachment


Explanation:
..


    Reference: http://www.thefreedictionary.com/_/dict.aspx?word=impeachmen...
Velizara Koleva
United Kingdom
Local time: 18:36
Native speaker of: Bulgarian

Peer comments on this answer (and responses from the answerer)
disagree  writeaway: copyright infringement is not punishable by impeachment and is not an impeachment. refs should back the translation, not just explain the English term, which most English natives would know anyway.
6 mins

disagree  AllegroTrans: has a totally different meaning
39 mins

disagree  Daryo: impeachment is about kicking out an official before the end of this mandate - stains on blue dresses being a more likely pretext than illegal downloads…
8 hrs
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9 mins   confidence: Answerer confidence 3/5Answerer confidence 3/5 peer agreement (net): +3
Criminal offense


Explanation:
If it's punishable under criminal law, it's a criminal offense.

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Note added at 4 hrs (2013-04-10 21:03:35 GMT)
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Criminal offence, rather.

Charlotte Farrell
United Kingdom
Local time: 18:36
Native speaker of: Native in EnglishEnglish

Peer comments on this answer (and responses from the answerer)
agree  writeaway: yes, fits in the with context that has been provided.
10 mins
  -> Thank you :)

agree  AllegroTrans: "offence" for European English please; maybe "infringement" would be better as it can encompass both civil & criminal law
25 mins
  -> Thanks Allegro - I'll give myself a slap on the wrist for spelling it incorrectly in my own language.

agree  Nikki Scott-Despaigne: http://www.ipo.gov.uk/types/copy/c-manage/c-useenforce/c-inf... //It wld seem to mean the legal definition of the crime.
50 mins
  -> Thanks :)

neutral  Daryo: doesn't fit in the ST: "il n’y a pas une seule définition du délit de contrefaçon mais plusieurs incriminations" => one "délit" (="criminal offence") defined as several "incrimination" (="criminal offences" again?)
21 hrs
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22 hrs   confidence: Answerer confidence 4/5Answerer confidence 4/5 peer agreement (net): +1
incrimination (d'un délit)
legal definition (of the offence / of the offending behaviour)


Explanation:

"... Il s'agit de l'incrimination de vol, il donne la définition du comportement répréhensible. ..."
[http://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Incrimination]
=
"legal definition of the offence" i.e. the actual wording of the law defining what exactly is considered as the offending/illegal behaviour.

(of the "offending behaviour" is maybe more accurate, but associates too much to ASBOs)

Daryo
United Kingdom
Local time: 18:36
Native speaker of: Native in SerbianSerbian, Native in FrenchFrench
PRO pts in category: 31
Grading comment
Thank you Daryo for your help and for the excellent references

Peer comments on this answer (and responses from the answerer)
agree  Nikki Scott-Despaigne: "Incrimination" can probably be translated in a number of different ways in English, depending on how it is used in the original. "Agree", with some tweaking, that it is the legal definition of the crime.// "Statutory definition" wld be more accurate.
2 hrs
  -> someone who studied law in English would know the proper "legalese", "statutory definition" sounds better for sure. Thanks!

neutral  writeaway: copyright infringement as 'offending behavour'. don't think so
2 hrs
  -> legally offending, not morally or socially offending, would apply to anything illegal? It's only a second option anyway; "illegal behaviour" is surely what defines an offence?
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Reference comments


9 hrs peer agreement (net): +2
Reference: Incrimination

Reference information:
Incrimination

Une incrimination est une mesure de politique criminelle consistant, pour l’autorité compétente, à ériger un comportement déterminé en infraction, en déterminant les éléments constitutifs de celle-ci et la peine applicable.

Par exemple, en droit français, l'article 311-1 du Code pénal énonce que le vol est la « soustraction frauduleuse de la chose d'autrui ». Il s'agit de l'incrimination de vol, il donne la définition du comportement répréhensible.

Le texte d'incrimination détermine les éléments constitutifs de l'infraction, qui sont, dans l'exemple du vol :

qu'il y ait soustraction,
que cette soustraction soit frauduleuse,
que ce qui est soustrait soit bien une chose (et non une personne),
que cette chose appartienne à autrui au moment où la chose est soustraite.

Ensuite, des textes de pénalité vont définir la peine applicable. Pour l'exemple du vol en France, il est puni de trois ans d'emprisonnement et de 45 000 € d'amende, mais cette peine peut être aggravée si l'infraction a été commise sous certaines circonstances (criminalité en bande organisée, violences, discrimination...).
[http://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Incrimination]

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Note added at 21 hrs (2013-04-11 13:45:38 GMT)
--------------------------------------------------

Un exemple montrant la distinction entre le délit et les incrimantions du délit:

Le délit

contrefaçon

L'incrimination no 1

"Article L335-1

Modifié par LOI n°2009-669 du 12 juin 2009 - art. 3

Les officiers de police judiciaire compétents peuvent procéder, dès la constatation des infractions prévues aux articles L. 335-4 à L. 335-4-2, à la saisie des phonogrammes et vidéogrammes reproduits illicitement, des exemplaires et objets fabriqués ou importés illicitement, de tout exemplaire, produit, appareil, dispositif, composant ou moyen portant atteinte aux mesures techniques et aux informations mentionnées respectivement aux articles L. 331-5 et L. 331-11 ainsi qu'à la saisie des matériels spécialement installés en vue de tels agissements."

L'incrimination no 2:

"Article L515-1

Créé par Loi n°2007-1544 du 29 octobre 2007 - art. 1 JORF 30 octobre 2007

Toute atteinte aux droits définis par l'article 19 du règlement (CE) n° 6/2002 du Conseil, du 12 décembre 2001, sur les dessins ou modèles communautaires constitue une contrefaçon engageant la responsabilité civile de son auteur."

L'incrimination no 3:

"Article L521-1

Modifié par Loi n°2007-1544 du 29 octobre 2007 - art. 2 JORF 30 octobre 2007
Modifié par Loi n°2007-1544 du 29 octobre 2007 - art. 3 JORF 30 octobre 2007

Toute atteinte portée aux droits du propriétaire d'un dessin ou modèle, tels qu'ils sont définis aux articles L. 513-4 à L. 513-8, constitue une contrefaçon engageant la responsabilité civile de son auteur.

Les faits postérieurs au dépôt, mais antérieurs à la publication de l'enregistrement du dessin ou modèle, ne peuvent être considérés comme ayant porté atteinte aux droits qui y sont attachés.

Toutefois, lorsqu'une copie de la demande d'enregistrement a été notifiée à une personne, la responsabilité de celle-ci peut être recherchée pour des faits postérieurs à cette notification même s'ils sont antérieurs à la publication de l'enregistrement."

L'incrimination no 4 , 5 etc....

[http://www.legifrance.gouv.fr/affichSarde.do?reprise=true&pa...]

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Note added at 21 hrs (2013-04-11 13:48:02 GMT)
--------------------------------------------------

pardon
Un exemple montrant la distinction entre le délit et les incriminations du délit:

Daryo
United Kingdom
Native speaker of: Native in SerbianSerbian, Native in FrenchFrench
PRO pts in category: 31
Note to reference poster
Asker: Thank you Daryo, this was extremely useful

Asker: Thank you Nikki for your input


Peer comments on this reference comment (and responses from the reference poster)
agree  Nikki Scott-Despaigne: Yes, I agree that it means "statutory definition of the crime". http://mce-avocat.fr/lexique-dictionnaire-juridique/incrimin...
15 hrs
  -> Thanks! your reference is a nice & short version!
agree  Germaine: 21hrs - "Incrimination no..." are not part of these texts; but you're right that in nos 2 and 3, paragraphs with "constitue une..." would be "incriminations" (in FR) as (rarely) used for criminalization (EN). (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Criminalize)
16 hrs
  -> You're confusing me; are you referring to "incrimination" in EN? Nothing to do with "incrimination" in FR, a faux-ami of the nastiest kind - first thing I checked as per my own SOP.
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