zurückgeschlagen

English translation: bent back, reflexed or refracted

15:16 Jan 4, 2021

German to English translations [PRO]
Science - Botany / plant fact sheet

German term or phrase: zurückgeschlagen

This term appears in the following context, describing the flowers of Conium maculatum (poison hemlock):
weiß, 1,5 mm in mittelgroßen Dolden, 10-20-strahlig, Hüllblätter zahlreich, dreieckig-lanzettlich, weißlich, hautrandig ZURUECKGESCHLAGEN, Hüllchenblätter an den Döldchen nur an Außenseite

It is related to my previous question and is in the same context; I submitted it as a separation question to avoid more than one term in the same question.

Thanks for any suggestions.

John Speese KudoZ activity Questions: 629 (3 open) (14 without valid answers) (30 closed without grading) Answers: 386 United States
Local time: 00:57

English translation:bent back, reflexed or refracted

Explanation:
Conium maculatum (poison hemlock) belongs to the Apiaceae family, meaning it has an umbel (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Umbel) , a compound umbel (Doppeldolde) to be precise with secondary umbels called umbellules (source text here "Döldchen").
In the case of poison hemlock its flowers possess Hüllblätter = Involucrum as well as Hüllblättchen = Involucellum (plural: Involucelli).

The source text is describing the Involucrum of the plant, its bracteas, which can be found at the base of the first umbel (first forking) - see this image of the poison hemlock flower: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conium_maculatum#/media/File:C...–s_Medizinal-Pflanzen-191.jpg

Here it becomes apparent, that the leafs of the involucrum are definitely NOT CURLED back, but bent back, reflexed or refracted. (If it makes one happier maybe even folded back, but this expression is not so common).

Please also refer to :https://books.google.de/books?id=hX1IAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA832&lpg=P...

and
https://books.google.de/books?id=UlMPAAAAYAAJ&pg=PP288&lpg=P...

and
https://books.google.de/books?id=7gklAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA147-IA1&l...

https://langua.de/e/folded leaflet folder

Also for general understanding of the topic:
https://www.biologie.uni-konstanz.de/typo3temp/secure_downlo...

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Note added at 2 days 18 hrs (2021-01-07 10:02:46 GMT) Post-grading
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Thanks a lot... sorry, could not let the incorrect "curled back" take the biscuit so to speak. As for the human agency objection above: past authors saw the plant itself as the driving force of the act of "bending". Resorting to the loanword "reflexed" seems more elegant though.

Selected response from:

thefastshow
Germany
Local time: 06:57

Grading comment

Reflexed sounds good, thanks!
4 KudoZ points were awarded for this answer

Summary of answers provided

3 +5

curls

Jeanie Eldon

4 +1

bent (reverted) backwards

Johannes Gleim

bent back, reflexed or refracted

thefastshow

Discussion entries: 4

Answers

2 hrs confidence:

peer agreement (net): +5

curls

Explanation:

Example sentence(s):

Poison hemlock (Conium maculatum) is a stately plant with large white flower ... the five petals are ovate narrowing to a small terminal point that curls inward, ...
Poison hemlock (Conium maculatum) is one of those that everyone ... and the older flowers curl up into a bird's nest shape.

https://www.growforagecookferment.com/poison-hemlock/
https://thenaturecollective.org/plant-guide/details/poison-hemlock-not-native/

Jeanie Eldon
United Kingdom
Local time: 05:57
Native speaker of:

English

Peer comments on this answer (and responses from the answerer)

agree

writeaway

1 hr

-> Thank you

agree

Brent Sørensen: or curled

1 hr

-> Thank you

agree

Kim Metzger

2 hrs

-> Thank you

agree

Michele Fauble

3 hrs

-> Thank you

agree

Cilian O'Tuama: Sounds natural, unlike other suggestion(s) so far.

8 hrs

-> Thank you

neutral

Gordon Matthews: "zurückgeschlagen" is an adjective, so should be translated as "curled" (or "curled back"), not "curls".

16 hrs

-> good point. Thank you

disagree

thefastshow: defo not curls or curled in this case

17 hrs

agree

Lancashireman: Correct use of the Middle Voice https://www.thefreedictionary.com/Middle-Voice.htm#:~:text=W... 'Bent back' implies human agency.

19 hrs

-> Thank you, Lancashireman. This was missing in all the explanations. Also, when using "bent", I think of a piece of metal rather than a plant

2 hrs confidence:

peer agreement (net): +1

bent (reverted) backwards

Explanation:
Der zusammengesetzte doldige Blütenstand weist 8 bis zu 20 etwas behaarte Doldenstrahlen auf mit fünf bis sechs hautrandigen Hüllblättern. Er besitzt an der Basis der Döldchen mehrere Hüllblättchen. Die weißen Blüten-Kronblätter sind verkehrt-herzförmig und schwach ausgerandet mit einem sehr kleinen, spitzen eingeschlagenen Läppchen. Die Spaltfrucht ist eiförmig und 2,5 bis 3,5 mm lang, es ist ein zweiteiliges Griffelpolster (Stylopodium) vorhanden, die Teilfrucht ist im Querschnitt rundlich-fünfeckig mit wellig-gekerbten Hauptrippen.
https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gefleckter_Schierling
Conium maculatum is a herbaceous biennial flowering plant that grows to 1.5–2.5 m (5–8 ft) tall, with a smooth, green, hollow stem, usually spotted or streaked with red or purple on the lower half of the stem. All parts of the plant are hairless (glabrous); the leaves are two- to four-pinnate, finely divided and lacy, overall triangular in shape, up to 50 cm (20 in) long and 40 cm (16 in) broad.[2] Hemlock's flower is small and white; they are loosely clustered and each flower has five petals.[3] The plant looks like the wild carrot plant (Daucus carota). One can distinguish the two from each other by hemlock's smooth texture, mid-green, quite vivid, color and typical height of large clumps being least 1.5 metres, twice the maximum of wild carrot. Carrots have hairy stems that lack the purple blotches.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conium_maculatum

Der doppeldoldige Blütenstand ist flach und 12- bis 25-strahlig.[1] Es fehlen sowohl Hüllblätter als auch die Hüllchenblätter.[1] Die unscheinbaren, weißen Blüten sind zwittrig und fünfzählig. Die Blütezeit reicht meist von Juni bis Juli.
https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Giersch
A. podagraria is perennial, growing to a height of 100 cm (39 in) with rhizomes. The stems are erect, hollow, and grooved. The upper leaves are ternate, broad and toothed. Numerous flowers are grouped together in an umbrella-shaped flowerhead known as a compound umbel. The main umbel is further divided into several secondary umbels known as umbellets or umbellules. Each umbellet has 15 to 20 rays (pedicels) that are each topped with a single, small, five-petaled white flower.[4][5][6]
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aegopodium_podagraria

Alpenveilchen tragen auf Stielen stehende einzelne Blüten, die zwar nach unten hängen, deren Kronblätter jedoch stark nach oben gebogen („zurückgeschlagen“) und dabei etwas tordiert sind.
https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alpenveilchen
Each flower is on a stem coming from a growing point on the tuber.[13] In all species, the stem is normally bent 150-180° at the tip, so that the nose of the flower faces downwards. Cyclamen hederifolium 'Stargazer' is an exception to this; its nose faces upwards. Flowers have 5 petals, bent outwards or up, sometimes twisted, and connected at the base into a cup, and five sepals behind the cup.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cyclamen

Context translation:

Conium maculatum (poison hemlock):
weiß, 1,5 mm in mittelgroßen Dolden, 10-20-strahlig, Hüllblätter zahlreich, dreieckig-lanzettlich, weißlich, hautrandig ZURUECKGESCHLAGEN, Hüllchenblätter an den Döldchen nur an Außenseite
=>
Conium maculatum (poison hemlock):
white, 1.5 mm in medium-sized umbels, 10-20-rayed, bracts numerous, triangular-lanceolate, whitish, skin-margined bent (reverted) backwards, bracts on the tubercles only on the outside.

Johannes Gleim
Local time: 06:57
Native speaker of: German

20 hrs confidence:

bent back, reflexed or refracted

thefastshow
Germany
Local time: 06:57
Native speaker of: German
PRO pts in category: 4

Grading comment

Reflexed sounds good, thanks!

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English translation: bent back, reflexed or refracted

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