10-ö

16:27 Feb 7, 2020
This question was closed without grading. Reason: No acceptable answer

German to English translations [PRO]
Tech/Engineering - Electronics / Elect Eng / Revolving doors
German term or phrase: 10-ö
Okay, this is a really strange question... the term is the unit of PFH (Probability of dangerous Failure per Hour) for various safety functions in a revolving door. The "-ö" part should be superscripted (it appears in a table where all the units are raised to a negative power). It appears at least three times, so it's safe to assume it's not an error.

Any ideas?
Barbara L Pavlik
United States
Local time: 05:51


Summary of answers provided
510-6 (oder 10-8)
Johannes Gleim


Discussion entries: 7





  

Answers


1 day 21 hrs   confidence: Answerer confidence 5/5
10-6 (oder 10-8)


Explanation:
Probably Basis 10 superscripted -6, perhaps 8 too, as '6' as '6' and '8' are the numbers most liable to be mismatched with the letter ‘ö’ by OCR tools, especially with minor font sizes, or low contrast between paper whiteness and letter blackness resulting in bad readability.

Can you figure out die real dimension, i.e. whether it is measured in millimetres (10-3), micrometres (10-6)? Perhaps by comparing PFH with SIL and PL. See:

Probability of Dangerous Failure per Hour PFHD
(Anm.: D is superscripted).
:
• Its failure rate is lower than the MTTFD of its components …
:
If MTTFD of the FGC is based on the SUM of the cycles of both doors
https://www.google.de/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd...

PFHD average probability of dangerous failure per hour Table 3 and Table K.1
https://www.iso.org/obp/ui/#iso:std:iso:13849:-1:ed-3:v1:en

4 9n the second edition of IEC 62058:2010 but not in its sector standard, IEC 62061 – the PFH was reformulated as the “average frequency of a dangerous failure of the safety function”. The original abbreviation (PFHG) was however retained (without the "D" suffix in IEC 61508)
:
8.2.23 Revolving door control – Category 3 – PL d (Example 23)
:
(See also relations between PL d and PFHD in 1/h
PL b = 5.0 • 10-6)
PL c = 1.7 • 10-6)
PL d = 2.9 • 10-7)
PL E = 4.7 • 10-8)
https://www.google.de/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd...

Therefore, if a “zero” risk acc. to Platz 2016 cannot be achieved a certain repetition rate of safety critical failures (which can cause hazards) must be expected, e.g. as “probability of dangerous failure per hour”, defined A full as enclosure PFH in ISO 13849-1 (2008)
:
The probability theory indicates that most of the failures are to be expected in automatic operation, i. e. when the safety doors are closed, i.e. then they occur (nearly) without hazard.
https://books.google.de/books?id=vMfADwAAQBAJ&pg=PA2830&lpg=...

Last but not least:

Safety integrity level (SIL) is defined as a relative level of risk-reduction provided by a safety function, or to specify a target level of risk reduction. In simple terms, SIL is a measurement of performance required for a safety instrumented function (SIF).
The requirements for a given SIL are not consistent among all of the functional safety standards. In the functional safety standards based on the IEC 61508 standard, four SILs are defined, with SIL 4 the most dependable and SIL 1 the least.
:
PFD (probability of dangerous failure on demand) and RRF (risk reduction factor) of low demand operation for different SILs as defined in IEC EN 61508 are as follows:
SIL PFD PFD (power) RRF
1 0.1–0.01 10−1 – 10−2 10–100
2 0.01–0.001 10−2 – 10−3 100–1000
3 0.001–0.0001 10−3 – 10−4 1000–10,000
4 0.0001–0.00001 10−4 – 10−5 10,000–100,000
For continuous operation, these change to the following. (Probability of dangerous failure per hour)
SIL PFH PFH (power) RRF
1 0.00001-0.000001 10−5 – 10−6 100,000–1,000,000
2 0.000001-0.0000001 10−6 – 10−7 1,000,000–10,000,000
3 0.0000001-0.00000001 10−7 – 10−8 10,000,000–100,000,000
4 0.00000001-0.000000001 10−8 – 10−9 100,000,000–1,000,000,000
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Safety_integrity_level

Die IEC 61508 ist eine internationale Normenserie zur Entwicklung von elektrischen, elektronischen und programmierbaren elektronischen (E/E/PE) Systemen, die eine Sicherheitsfunktion ausführen. Sie wird von der Internationalen Elektrotechnischen Kommission (IEC) herausgegeben. Vom Europäischen Komitee für Normung (CEN) wurde die Norm inhaltsgleich als EN 61508 übernommen.
:
Als wesentliche Parameter für die Zuverlässigkeit der Sicherheitsfunktion von Geräten werden die Berechnungsgrundlagen für PFH (probability of dangerous failure per hour − Wahrscheinlichkeit des gefahrbringenden Versagens pro Stunde) und PFD (probability of dangerous failure on demand – Wahrscheinlichkeit eines gefahrbringenden Versagens bei Anforderung) geliefert. Ersterer bezieht sich auf High-Demand-Systeme, also solche mit einer hohen Anforderungsrate („hoch“: mindestens eine Anforderung pro Jahr), letzterer auf Low-Demand-Systeme, die während ihrer Betriebsdauer seltener als einmal jährlich betätigt werden
https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/IEC_61508



Johannes Gleim
Local time: 10:51
Specializes in field
Native speaker of: German
PRO pts in category: 449
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