детектор с (не)изолированными по свету каналами
English translation: combined detectors with shared/separated light detection channels
| 13:17 Dec 26, 2007 |
| Russian to English translations [PRO] Tech/Engineering - Medical: Instruments / рентгенография | |||||
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|  Selected response from: Natalie Poland Local time: 09:09 | ||||
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detector whith optically (non)isolated channels Explanation: Даже если не совсем то: PDF] CITY OF LAWRENCE, KANSAS TRAFFIC ENGINEERING DIVISION Traffic ... Формат файлів: PDF/Adobe Acrobat - Показати у форматі HTML unit which shall provide a minimum of two optically isolated channels, each capable of. operating a minimum of three optical detector heads. ... www.lawrencepublicworks.org/pdf/signal_specifications.pdf |
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light-insulated channels Explanation: речь о рассеянии света? Multi-component flow probe - Patent 3867033- [ Перевести эту страницу ]The ***fiber rods are light insulated*** to prevent any direct light from one rod ... To randomly, in time, take x-ray pictures of a multi-component flow not ... www.freepatentsonline.com/3867033.html - 38k - Сохранено в кэше - Похожие страницы Coriolis turbulator blade- [ Перевести эту страницу ]... Plasticized polymer compositions Light-insulated lamp and illuminating systems ... said blade having twist to offset laterally said channel from said ... www.devileye.net/patents/current_cell_digital-to-analog_con... - 35k - Сохранено в кэше - Похожие страницы [PDF] Stabilization and calibration of x-ray wavelengths for anomalous ...Формат файла: PDF/Adobe Acrobat - В виде HTML The bars are light insulated by. wrapping all but one of the small faces in thin ... In the case shown the reflection recorded in channel A has its ... www.gwyndafevans.co.uk/publications/rsi-67-3428.pdf - Похожие страницы 5307520 Watch type paging receiver 455/347 5307519 Circuit with ...- [ Перевести эту страницу ]... the same 455/304 5307515 Adjacent channel controller for radio receiver ..... making same 362/32 5307244 Light-insulated lamp and illuminating systems ... www.std.com/obi/Patents/Titles/940426 - 147k - Сохранено в кэше - Похожие страницы A PRIMER IN HOW TO PROTECT YOUR FAMILY FROM NUCLEAR TERRORISM- [ Перевести эту страницу ]A chest X-ray will give you about .02 Rad, a dental X-ray about .06 Rad. .... 6 inches of "doorbell'"-type or other light insulated wire, PREFERABLY a ... www.freerepublic.com/forum/a3be223ff35f1.htm - 77k - Сохранено в кэше - Похожие страницы |
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detector with optically (de)coupled channels Explanation: гадаю |
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3 hrs confidence: peer agreement (net): +1
peer agreement (net): +1combined detectors with shared/separated light detection channels Explanation: Моя версия основана на статье В. Рыжикова с соавт.; вот цитата оттуда: Among the most efficient methods used for detec- tion and identification of charged particles and products of nuclear reactions occurring on target nuclei in mixed fields in reactors and accelerators, very promising is the use of combined detectors (CD) based on inorganic scintillators and silicon photodiodes (PD). Such solid- state combined detectors have acquired a trademark SELDI (ScintiELectronic Detectors of Ionizing radia- tion), which is commonly used in CIS countries. Their Western analogs are generally known as Siswich [1]. In this paper, a number of variants of such detectors are described, which are used for separate detection of neu- trons and gamma-radiation in mixed fields, detection of low- and high-energy gamma-radiation, as well as inter- nal conversion electrons together with the accompany- ing gamma-radiation. In this paper, we present for the first time a new SELDI type CD for separate detection of light and heavy charged particles in the mixed fields. http://www.kipt.kharkov.ua/conferences/ihepnp/17workshop_res... -------------------------------------------------- Note added at 7 hrs (2007-12-26 20:28:47 GMT) -------------------------------------------------- Александр, я вот тут нарыла еще одну статью Рыжикова: Scintillation materials and detectors on their base for non-destructive two energy testing V. Ryzhikov, B. Grynyov, A. Opolonin, S. Naydenov, O. Lisetska, S. Galkin, E. Voronkin Radiation Measurements Vol: 42 Issue: 4-5, April, 2007 pp: 915-920 (Я скачала полный текст, если нужно - могу прислать). Цитирую достаточно обширно, чтобы было понятнее; обратите внимание на то, что выделено звездочками. Из цитаты следует, что изолированные каналы - это точно separate channels. Что касается неизолированных - я несколько засомневалась, т.к. нашла еще одну статью этих же авторов. The best sources of X-ray irradiation for CT are monochromatic. However, industrial production of such sources (e.g., X-ray lasers) is only at the development stage. Commercially available X-ray tubes emit continuous radiation spectra. In this case, the energy separation is achieved by selecting the most efficient scintillators for radiation detection in different spectral ranges, as well as by design optimization of the detectors and arrays. Special algorithms are used for reconstruction of the object parameters from the multi-energy imaging data (Naydenov et al., 2003; Naydenov and Ryzhikov, 2003; Naydenov et al., 2004 [ Naydenov et al., 2003, Naydenov and Ryzhikov, 2003, Naydenov et al., 2004]). Our approach is based on the following feature. For the most accurate reconstruction of material structure, both for ***energy separation*** and the energy mixing spans multiple absorption channels are required (i.e., the photo and Compton effects (at 80–200 keV), or pair production and Compton effects (at 2–8 MeV) ( Fig. 2). ***The competition between the channels enhances the efficiency. Thus, the absorption channels should be mixed, while the recording channels should be separated.*** This requires a subtle matching of the detection system and the characteristic radiation energies. ***The detection energies (channels) should be separated as clearly as possible*** to increase the contrast sensitivity of dual-energy CT and ensure a clear discrimination between organic and inorganic component images. This means that in the two-energy assembly, the LED should attenuate (while detecting) the low-energy part of the X-ray radiation spectrum used for the object inspecting. Similar properties are expected from the HED to remain high-energy part of the spectrum. To ensure this, high-energy radiation should freely pass through the LED without substantial attenuation. Two apparently contradictory conditions should be met in a good CT: (1) there should be maximum attenuation in the LED of the low-energy radiation passing through the object—it should not reach the HED; (2) there should be maximum transmission of the high-energy radiation through the LED and other parts of the receiving-detecting circuit—it should be attenuated only in the HED. The use of metal filters solves only the first of these problems. For the second problem, filters are not usable and are even disadvantageous, because some of high-energy gamma-quanta are absorbed by the filter. There exists another efficient way—to use the low-energy scintillator itself as a filter for energy separation. ***Such a scintillator should possess the following unique properties—high light output and small radiation length with respect to low-energy photons, as well as good transparency for high-energy photons.*** -------------------------------------------------- Note added at 7 hrs (2007-12-26 20:40:06 GMT) -------------------------------------------------- А вот еще одна статья, цитирую оттуда отрывок, весьма близкий к вашему тексту: Studies of Two-Energy Linear Detector Matrix for X-Ray Osteodensitometry V. D. Ryzhikov1 , O. D. Opolonin1, S. V. Naidenov1, D. N. Kozin1, E. K. Lisetskaya1 and V. L. Danilenko1 Biomedical Engineering, Vol. 39, No. 2, 2005, pp. 65-68. Spatial Resolution and Sensitivity of Detectors Inhomogeneities less than 0.5 mm in size should be resolved for medical diagnosis. This requires spatial resolution of 5-8 pairs of lines per mm [6]. Our experience in the design of scintillator–photodiode (S–PD) detectors and scintillator–photodetector device (S–PDD) detectors revealed that linear matrices of such devices could be formed in one silicon crystal with a step of ∼25 μm (up to 1000 channels per crystal). If a preamplifier is integrated in each channel, the matrix step should be 0.8-0.4 mm. Development of integral multichannel (16, 32, 64, 1024 channels) containing preamplifier, PD, PDD, and commutator in single crystal is an approach to this problem [1]. Scintillation plates of the following types were tested: – discrete scintillation elements (DSE) – one element per channel; – plates of monocrystal scintillator (PMS); – plates of discrete monocrystal scintillator (PDS) made of calibrated ZnSe(Te) crystals embedded in a layer of UP4203M optical epoxy resin [2]. Because manufacture of DSE plates with matrix step 0.80.5 mm is technologically difficult, we tested PMS and PDS plates as an alternative approach to resolution improvement. ***Light yield and mutual influence of neighboring channels were compared.*** Comparative analysis revealed that only PDS plates were on par with DSE plates. It was found that mutual influence of neighboring channels in PDS made of ZnSe(Te) grains of different size decreases upon decreasing the grain size. Thus, Xray detectors for energy range 2080 keV can be developed on the basis of PDS plates with element size 0.2-0.5 mm. The resolution of the detectors is up to 1-2 pairs of lines per mm. Arrangement of DSE elements with a step 0.8 mm in accordance with laws of geometric optics allows objects of 1015 μm in size to be detected [7, 8]. Low detector aperture reduces false (noise) information. This improves resolution, image contrast, signal/noise ratio, and provides scattering suppression [4]. It was shown in this work that standard array technology did not allow S−PD detectors to be manufactured at step of <0.81 mm. Solid scintillation plate technology (monocrystal or disperse scintillator) allows detectors to be manufactured at step of 0.050.8 mm. In combination with ***signal commutation***, this provides the opportunity to integrate 32 to 1024channel PDD and one amplifier channel. |
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