top yuvası

English translation: porthole / embrasure

GLOSSARY ENTRY (DERIVED FROM QUESTION BELOW)

Turkish term or phrase:	top yuvası
English translation:	porthole / embrasure
Entered by:	stra

13:26 Jan 6, 2005

Turkish to English translations [PRO]
Tech/Engineering - Ships, Sailing, Maritime

Turkish term or phrase: top yuvası

"Bir zamanlar top yuvası olarak kullanılan yerlerde şu an leylek yuvaları var."

Description of a war shipwreck. Thanks in advance.

stra KudoZ activity Questions: 97 (3 open) (2 without valid answers) (1 closed without grading) Answers: 215
Local time: 13:10

porthole or embrasure

Explanation:
Porthole

n 1: a window in a ship or airplane 2: an opening (in a wall or ship or armored vehicle) for firing through [syn: port, embrasure]
em·bra·sure ( P ) Pronunciation Key (m-brzhr)
n.
An opening in a thick wall for a door or window, especially one with sides angled so that the opening is larger on the inside of the wall than on the outside.
A flared opening for a gun in a wall or parapet.

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Note added at 23 hrs 41 mins (2005-01-07 13:07:56 GMT)
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If the whole sentence was translated then it would look like:

Stork nests exist now at those places, which were once used as cannon ports/embrasures/portholes.

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Note added at 23 hrs 45 mins (2005-01-07 13:11:29 GMT)
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Port holes
The word \"port hole\" originated during the reign of Henry VI of England (1485). King Henry insisted on mounting guns too large for his ship and the traditional methods of securing these weapons on the forecastle and aftcastle could not be used.

A French shipbuilder named James Baker was commissioned to solve the problem. He put small doors in the side of the ship and mounted the cannon inside the ship. These doors protected the cannon from weather and were opened when the cannon were to be used. The French word for \"door\" is \"porte\" which was later Anglicized to \"port\" and later went on to mean any opening in the ship\'s side, whether for cannon or not.

A quote from http://members.tripod.com/NCPOA/articles/terminology.htm

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Note added at 23 hrs 50 mins (2005-01-07 13:16:57 GMT)
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Embrasure. An opening in a wall or parapet allowing cannon to fire through it, the gunners remaining under cover. One or both sides of the embrasure would be slanted outward to increase a weapons angle of fire. The sides of the embrasure were called cheeks, the bottom the sole; the narrow part of the opening, the throat, and the wide part, the splay. Empty embrasures could be closed with a wooden shield or mantelet.

Another quote from http://www.forts.org/glossary.htm

Selected response from:

gunverdi
United Kingdom
Local time: 11:10

Grading comment

Thanks to everyone.
4 KudoZ points were awarded for this answer

Summary of answers provided

5 +3

porthole or embrasure

gunverdi

4 +2

cannon port

Özden Arıkan

GUN PIT

Taner Göde

Cannon housing

Yesilyurt

4 -1

cannon base / foundation

digger (X)

Discussion entries: 1

Answers

11 mins confidence:

Cannon housing

Explanation:
--

Yesilyurt
Türkiye
Local time: 13:10
Native speaker of:

Turkish

22 hrs confidence:

peer agreement (net): +2

top yuvası cannon port

Explanation:
in the 1st link, see the 6th picture from the buttom (or ctrl+F "cannon port")

in the 2nd link there are also pics of vessels with bow cannon ports

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Note added at 22 hrs 26 mins (2005-01-07 11:52:47 GMT)
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just didn\'t realize earlier that the pic in the 1st link could be viewed separately -and in enlarged form- sorry. pls see below:

http://www.theageofsail.com/images/repelling_borders.jpg

Reference: http://www.theageofsail.com/photo_life.htm
Reference: http://www.bangkokpost.net/royalbarge/bows.html

Özden Arıkan
Germany
Local time: 12:10
Native speaker of:

Turkish

14 mins confidence:

peer agreement (net): +3

top yuvası

porthole or embrasure

gunverdi
United Kingdom
Local time: 11:10
Native speaker of:

Turkish
PRO pts in category: 4

Grading comment

Thanks to everyone.

21 hrs confidence:

peer agreement (net): -1

top yuvası cannon base / foundation

Explanation:
a. The sentence talks about stork nests built in 'recesses, sockets, recepticles, housings, bases - whatever' once used to accommodate/secure cannons on a warship.
b. Storks always build their nests on top of upright structures like chimneys, poles, etc. - barring nests necessarily built on the ground whenever such protrusions happen to be absent in the vicinity. Selection of nesting spots in this manner is a must as these birds have to land and lift off to and from their nests in near-perpendicular flight. A stork just cannot manouver sideways to and from a nest like a sparrow or a swallow, etc.
c. portholes and/or embrasures, as the definitions provided under "porthole/embrasure" suggestion, are openings/recesses on the sides of structures/hulls, rather 'embracing' cannons and therefore necessitate sideways/horizontal approach, which the storks simply cannot manage.

In view of above arugument/approach, I propose 'cannon base / foundation' by mentally visualizing stork nest accommodating recesses/bases which, once upon a time must have housed on-deck cannons/cannon turrets on a warship.

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Note added at 1 day 11 mins (2005-01-07 13:38:15 GMT)
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Re Xola and günverdi comments:

A. In the case of the scenario you suggest, a keeled sideways vessel with (empty) \'cannon ports\' interspaced along the broad sides and gaping upwards would require:
- Utterly dumb storks which would completely ignore the surrounding flatish surfaces and insist on building nests on top of such gaping holes;
- The repelling_borders.jpg photo, as an example, suggests ~0.6 x1.m measuring holes. Stork nests over such rectengular holes need to be extra-extra-king size with enough diameter to avoid falling through;

B. Only old, ancient wooden (and thus less environmentally enduring) sail ships, galleys had below deck guns (cannons) gaping through port holes while in action. The description \"...war shipwreck\" suggests (at least to me) that the subject vessel might be a more recent (a rather contemporary) \'metal\' warship that would only have above-decks moving cannons and turrets during its glorious days. (Only Asker can decide on this detail, I suppose.)

So, I humbly insist...

:))

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Note added at 1 day 1 hr 11 mins (2005-01-07 14:37:57 GMT)
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Furthermore, \'port\' on a ship as Xola and günverdi refers to is \'lombar\' in Turkish (i.e. top lombar(lar)ı) (as distinct from lomboz).
(http://www.tdk.gov.tr/tdksozluk/SOZBUL.ASP?GeriDon=0&EskiSoz...
The term our assistance being sought on, on the other hand is \"top yuvası\"...

digger (X)
Local time: 13:10
Native speaker of:

Turkish

3 days 1 hr confidence:

GUN PIT

Explanation:
Gun Pit - A depression or opening on the gun deck into which the breech end of the weapon is lowered when the gun is raised to high elevations. This allows the trunnions of the gun to be mounted lower, thus lowering the overall height of the mounting while still allowing for high gun elevations.
**************************************

Mounting / Turret Definitions

B - British designation for "Barbette" which at one time was used to denote a turret mounting.

Barbette - The fixed armored ring around the trunk of the mounting. This usually extends from the gunhouse down to the armored or protective deck.

Base Ring - US designation. The entire gun mounting turns on a bearing race which for larger guns is big enough such that there is a space in the center where ammunition can be fed to the gun. All of the fully enclosed and most of the open mountings for the 5"/38 (12. 7 cm) were base ring types. Mountings for many smaller guns developed during World War II, such as the quad 4 cm Bofors, were base ring types as this design distributed the weight of the gun and mounting better than did a pedestal type.

BD - Between Decks. British designation for gun mountings that extended down into the ship while the guns themselves were above the deck. Before World War I, all British Capital ships had secondary guns that mounted directly on the weather deck with nothing piercing that deck down into the ship below. In the 1930s, new gun mounts were developed where the bulk of the mounting was below the weather deck. The term "BD" was used to distinguish this sort of mounting from the previous ones. See "UD" below.

Blast Bags, Bloomers or Gun Bucklers - Canvas, rubber or neoprene covers around the barrel of a gun where it enters the gun port. Gun ports by their nature represent holes in the glacis plate of a turret. When the guns are fired, these holes can allow overpressure or "blast" to enter the the turret, which can disrupt the operation of the turret and injure the gun crew. These holes may also permit water to enter the mounting. The use of blast bags over the gun ports provide some measure of protection from these hazards. Also see "Gun Port Shield" below.

Bogie or Shell Bogie - A wheeled device for moving projectiles around a gun mounting, usually moving on rails. A typical application was for moving projectiles from the fixed portion of the ship onto the rotating turret stalk.

BSG - Bettungschiess-Gerüst. German for "platform firing framework." These were mountings for large caliber guns used as coastal artillery and resembled a railway mounting without the rail bogies. They were supported on a concrete platform by a central pivot and ball race with a roller or bogie at the rear running on a circular arc.

CADAM - Cadence Améliorée. French for "improved firing." An improvement program for the French 100 mm/55 Model 1968.

Casemate - An armored enclosure containing a gun mounting. Unlike a turret, this enclosure does not rotate.

CP - Centre Pivot. British designation for a gun mounting that has a central axis for rotation on the horizontal axis. These mountings generally used a circular mounting plate bolted to the deck and supported by a below-deck, ring-shaped bulkhead known as the "gun support," which was used mainly for stowage. A lower roller path was machined on the base ring, with a similar upper roller path machined on the bottom of the turntable platform. Between the two machine paths were a ring of horizontal rollers which carried the weight of the mounting and gun. At the center of the turntable was a light cage which contained the vertical thrust rollers. This was the actual "center pivot" point. Electric cabling containing the fire control and illumination circuits ran through the center pivot. This cabling had enough slack to allow the mounting to train to its limit stops. In the USN, this type of mounting was called a "Pedestal" - see below.

Central Pivot - In the USN, this was a compact gun mounting with the center of rotation just below the gun barrel. A short "U" shaped bracket held the trunnions with the base of the "U" mounted atop a small-diameter turntable.

Delay coil - When guns are mounted closely together in a turret, the shells may strike each other in flight or the individual airflow of one projectile may disrupt the adjacent projectiles, causing obvious problems. Prior to World War II, the USN alleviated this problem by installing a device which caused a brief delay, about 0.060 seconds, between when the outer guns fired and when the inner gun fired. Another method was used by the British in their "Town" and "Colony" six-inch (15.2 cm) cruisers of World War II, where the center gun of each triple turret was set back 30 inches (76.2 cm) from the outer two guns.

Dopp MPL - Doppelt Mittel-Pivot-Lafette. German for "Twin central pivot mounting."

DrhL - Drehscheiben-Lafette. German for "turntable mounting." Generally used for turret mountings.

Drh Tr - Drehturm. Another German abbreviation for "Turret."

Elevation - The angle to which a gun can be moved on the vertical axis past the horizontal. For instance, a gun with a 90 degree elevation would be pointing straight up. A gun at 0 degree elevation would be pointing at the horizon. A gun with -10 degree elevation would be pointing below the horizon.

Gunhouse - The armored portion of the rotating structure extending above the barbette.

Gun Pit - A depression or opening on the gun deck into which the breech end of the weapon is lowered when the gun is raised to high elevations. This allows the trunnions of the gun to be mounted lower, thus lowering the overall height of the mounting while still allowing for high gun elevations.

Gun Port Shield - Curved armor plate attached to a gun barrel such that it seals the gun port in the glacis plate, regardless of the elevatation of the gun. Gun ports are by their very nature weak points in the armor protection of a gun mounting or turret. Gun shields seal these openings and are intended to provide at least some measure of protection from shell splinters. Many shields are designed to keep water and weather out of the interior of the mounting or turret. Some images of gun shields may be seen in these photographs of a USN 6"/47DP and a German 38 cm SK C/34.

Handling Room - Compartment just below the gun mounting where ammunition brought up from lower storage locations is loaded into hoists or scuttles for transferring up to the guns.

Kenyon Doors - British shell-handling device replacing shell bogies in some large-caliber mountings. This was a tilting door between the shell rooms and the turret stalk. Shells from stowage were placed onto the door and then the door transferred them into the turret stalk. Named after the inventor, Thomas Kenyon. See this image of HIJMS Kongo from Vickers Photographic Archive for a photograph of Kenyon Doors as used on that ship
.

Kst.Drh.L - Küsten-Drehscheiben-Lafette. German for "coastal turntable (turret) mounting."

Magazine
1) For smaller weapons, this is a metal or plastic box which contains multiple rounds. This is attached to the weapon and supplies rounds into the firing chamber.
2) Compartment on a ship where ammunition is stored.

MPL - Mittel-Pivot-Lafette. German for "central pivot mounting."

P - Pedestal. British designation for a compact gun mounting with the center of rotation just below the gun barrel. A short "U" shaped bracket held the trunnions with the base of the "U" mounted atop a small-diameter turntable. Similar in design to a Central Pivot mounting as used in the USN.

Pedestal - In the USN, this is a mounting where the entire gun carriage turns on a roller-race. The carriage is usually slab-sided with the sides running all the way down to a platform whose bottom forms the top of the roller race.

Pintle - A flexible mounting where the gun is mounted at the top of a vertical post or rod.

Powder Room - A compartment where propellant charges are stored.

Projectile or Shell Flat - Usually refers to that portion of a magazine directly adjacent to the rotating structure of a turret. May also be used to refer to that portion of the rotating structure onto which projectiles are moved from their storage locations in the magazines.

ROF - Rate of Fire. Usually shown in terms of RPM - Rounds per Minute.

RP - Remote Power. World War II British designation for gun mounts that used RPC. Usually followed by a number which represented the type of power control. The RP10 series were hydraulically operated while the RP50 series were electrically operated.

RPC - Remote Power Control. Also known as "Auto Control" in the USN. This is a subject in itself. In its barest essentials, this means that the gun director automatically controls the laying of the guns via the rangekeeper without manual intervention by the gun crew.

rpgpm - Rounds per gun per minute.

Sighting port - An opening for a gun-sight in the front of the gun-shield or turret.

Sighting hood - Armored cover protecting the gun-sights protruding through the roof of a gunhouse or turret. On British capital ships of the World War I-era, superfiring turrets could not fire within 30 degrees of the axis because the blast effects would have penetrated into the lower turrets through the sighting hoods. These hoods also represented a weak point in the protection of the turret and acted as shell traps. Several ships were damaged during World War I when German shells hit these ports, perhaps most notably on Q turret of HMS Tiger during the Battle of Jutland (Skagerrak) in 1915.

Shell Ring - On US battleships built in the 1930s-40s most of the projectiles were stored on fixed and rotating rings which were part of the upper and lower shell flats. Each storage flat was sub-divided into three concentric rings. The outer, or fixed ring, is attached to the stool and does not rotate. The center ring, or shell-handling platform, is part of the rotating structure and contains the projectile hoists. It also mounts the parbuckling gear for moving the projectiles from their storage locations and onto the hoists. No projectiles are stored on this ring. The inner, or rotating ring is a power driven platform resting on rollers which can be rotated in either direction and is supported by the rotating structure. The inner ring may be locked to the rotating structure (center ring) or to the stool as needed. Normally, the shells on this ring are the ones fed to the guns while those on the outer ring are moved only during non-firing periods.

Sleeving - In a multi-gun turret, if each individual gun can be raised independently of the other guns, then the guns are said to be individually sleeved. Guns that are not individually sleeved are said to share a "cradle" (UK usage) or a "slide" (USA usage). See "Turret Definitions," below.

Stabilized mounting - A type of mounting which keeps the weapon at a constant point of aim regardless of the movement of the ship. May use as many as four different axes of motion; elevation, train, crosswise tilt (roll correction) and lateral tilt (pitch correction).

Stalk - That portion of the rotating structure of a turret that extends down into the ship.

Stool - The fixed circular foundation bulkhead that supports the rotating elements of the gun house.

Superfiring - A gun mounted such that it can fire overtop another mounting without elevating its gun barrels from the horizontal is said to be superfiring. For example, on most ships with two forward turrets mounted on the centerline, the second turret from the bow is mounted higher than the first turret such that it may fire forward at almost any elevation. The second turret is thus superfiring.

Train - The angle to which a gun or turret can be rotated on the horizontal axis. For instance, a bow gun or turret pointing directly forward is said to be trained to 0 degrees. If it could rotate to point directly astern, then it would be trained to 180 degrees.

Transferable Mounting - A British term used in the early part of the twentieth century, meaning that the gun mounting is simply bolted to the deck with no other connections and so can be easily removed and used elsewhere. Replaced by "UD" in most official publications.

Turret - There is always a controversy about whether a particular rotating gun emplacement should be called a "Turret" or a "Mount." In the USN, the difference between a turret and a mount is that a "Turret" is built into the ship, has a stalk that extends well below the weather deck and includes a barbette, while a "Mount" is not part of the ship's structure and does not include a barbette. As a general rule, 5 inch (12.7 cm) and smaller guns are in "Mounts" while 6 inch (15.2 cm) and larger guns are in "Turrets." Other navies had similar distinctions.

Turret Definitions - In the USN, when multi-gun turrets are described as "two-gun" or "three-gun" it means that their guns are individually sleeved and that each gun can elevate independently of the others. When the mounting is described as "twin" or "triple" it means that all guns share a single slide or cradle and that individual guns can not elevate independently from the others. Other nations do not use these distinctions. On my weapon pages, the description for each weapon will indicate whether the mountings were individually sleeved or not.

UD - Upper Deck. British designation for a gun-mounting that does not pierce the deck that it is mounted on. See "Transferable Mounting" and "BD," above.

VB and VCP - Vavasseur Barbette and Vavasseur Central Pivot Mountings. British gun mountings of the late 1800s that used inclined ramps to help absorb recoil forces. Named after Joseph Vavasseur (1834-1908) who at one point was connected with the Armstrong-Whitworth Co. and who is best remembered for inventing the process of using hydraulic pressure to fit copper driving bands onto projectiles.

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Note added at 2005-01-09 14:45:06 (GMT)
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ÇEVİRİSİ (içine biraz BBC havası da katarsak):

\"Bir zamanlar top yuvası olarak kullanılan yerlerde şu an leylek yuvaları var.\"

\"Now, storks have built their nests at places that once were gun pits.\"

Çeviriyle boğuşmayın! Dünyaları birleştirin. Sinemaya not defteri ile gidin. \"Gelinim olur musun yerine\" Discovery izleyin. Akşamları eşinize bir kırmızı gül götürün, çocuğunuza daha fazla zaman ayırın... Sayın Moderator, lütfen burayı silmeyin. Yaşasın çeviri!

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Note added at 2005-01-09 14:49:31 (GMT)
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It\'s obvious that we are not talking about a medieval (wooden) structure, but a 20th century steel vessel. Therefore, we cannot use the word \"cannon\" for \"top\" but have to shift to \"gun\" because that is the name for those mighty shell-throwing monsters.

Reference: http://www.navweaps.com/Weapons/Gun_Data.htm
I saw a documentary about the "Bismarck"...

Taner Göde
Türkiye
Local time: 13:10
Native speaker of:

Turkish
PRO pts in category: 4

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top yuvası

English translation: porthole / embrasure

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top yuvası

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