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English to Spanish: STATE-DIRECTED RESETTLEMENT IN EARLY EMPIRES General field: Social Sciences Detailed field: History
Source text - English Political Organization and Administration of Colonists.
With each province it acquires, an empire must deal with the political integration of the inhabitants into the whole; with forced resettlement, it is faced with the additional tasks of reconfiguring the disrupted political systems of both the colonists’ homeland and their assigned province. As Schreiber (1992:17-27) outlines, there is an array of basic ways an empire can consolidate its control over a province, achieved through adjusting the number of levels in the local political hierarchy and how those levels are filled by imperial or native leaders. It is possible that the state would follow the same strategy regardless of the presence of resettled subjects, in which case it could simply plug the colonists directly into the political system by treating them as a unit equivalent to any similar sized local group.
However, there are concerns that would encourage other approaches. Again, the attitude of the members of the group being moved can be influential; it is likely that more elites of friendly groups would be allowed to hold important positions in the political organization of their new province, while those of hostile groups would be granted fewer and less important posts. With resettlements where native leaders are allowed to retain their positions within the hierarchy, it is more efficient to transplant people as intact political units, e.g., a village and its chief. This maintains the leader's authority and avoids the necessity of building new community bonds and power relations.
In certain scenarios, it is possible that native elites could end up holding positions of power over settlers, or vice versa. This is especially likely where the empire implements a more indirect strategy of control, or when the colonists outnumber the remaining aboriginal population. But because such an arrangement provides one group the opportunity to abuse or take advantage of the other, only the more loyal groups may be allowed the position of advantage.
Translation - Spanish Organización política y administración de los colonos.
Con la adquisición de cada nueva provincia, el imperio debe lidiar con la integración política de los habitantes al conjunto de la población; cuando se trata de un reasentamiento forzado, se enfrenta con la tarea adicional de reconfigurar el convulsionado sistema político tanto en la tierra natal de los colonos como en la provincia a la que fueron asignados. Según plantea Schreiber (1992: 17-27), hay una serie de medidas básicas que un imperio puede poner en práctica para consolidar su control sobre una provincia: este control puede alcanzarse modificando el número de escalafones que existen en la jerarquía política local y estableciendo si quienes pueden ocupar los cargos son líderes pertenecientes al imperio o nativos. Es posible que el Estado utilice la misma estrategia independientemente de la presencia de población trasplantada, en cuyo caso alcanzaría con solo tratar a los colonos como una unidad equivalente a cualquier grupo local de tamaño similar, y así incorporarlos al sistema político.
Sin embargo, existen ciertas cuestiones que requerirían otro tipo de abordaje. Otra vez, la actitud de los miembros del grupo relocalizado puede influir; es probable que más elites de grupos cercanos al imperio tengan acceso a puestos políticos importantes en la nueva provincia, mientras que los grupos hostiles tendrían acceso a puestos de menor importancia y en menor cantidad. En aquellos reasentamientos en los que los líderes nativos tienen permitido mantener sus lugares dentro de la organización jerárquica, lo más eficiente es trasplantar a la población como una unidad política intacta, por ejemplo, un pueblo junto con su líder. Así, el líder mantiene su autoridad y no hay necesidad de construir nuevos lazos y relaciones de poder dentro de la comunidad.
Dadas ciertas circunstancias, es posible que las élites nativas terminen ocupando puestos de mayor poder que los colonos, o viceversa. Esto es especialmente probable cuando el imperio implementa una estrategia de control más indirecta, o cuando los colonos superan en número a lo que resta de la población aborigen. Pero debido a que este tipo de arreglo permite que uno de los grupos se aproveche del otro, es probable que sólo los grupos más leales tengan acceso a una posición de ventaja.
English to Spanish: Afterword - Analysis of Women's Literature in Latin America General field: Art/Literary Detailed field: Poetry & Literature
Source text - English While the "mapa nocturno" told a story of the democratization of writing and expanding access of women to textual and expressive agency the "mapa diurno" reveals landscapes strewn with mutilated corpses. The daylight map, as Jean Franco reminds us (this volume and Franco 2013), is peppered with violence and cruelty tied, as she argues, to misogynist, patriarchal regimes of power and possession. Not random violence, but, as in the two preceding examples, orchestrated, programmatic, technologically trained cruelty. Franco's essay demonstrates the way imagination and writing, including her own, have continually been deployed against these regimes of violence. Ravelo and Domínguez take up the confounding contemporary example of femicidios of Ciudad Juárez in México, exploring the broad "field of representation" around these ritualized crimes. Roles seem reversed in this field – citizens assemble facts and evidence, while the justice system generates lies, empty forensics, melodrama, and unfounded judgments. The "search for effective register" (Unruh) faces extraordinary challenges. The conventional novel, Ricalde and Domínguez argüe, fails in that it requires a plot resolution and there is none; melodrama creates intensity but also perverse, sensationalized pleasure; film often narrates from the standpoint of the perpetrator, leaving the viewer guilt-ridden and morally unmoored. Femicidios differ from state terror, because they do not involve political antagonisms. Ricalde and Domínguez conclude this is because power on the border has passed out of state hands into those of criminal and illicit networks - drug lords, human traffickers, and transnational corporations. In this reconfigured ground, there is no politics, and women's voices call on the state to do its job, to guarantee the space for the conduct of civil society.
Translation - Spanish Mientras que el mapa nocturno contaba una historia de la democratización de la escritura y del creciente acceso de las mujeres a la posibilidad de trasformar sus textos y su expresividad en acciones, el mapa diurno revela paisajes sembrados de cuerpos mutilados. El mapa diurno, como nos recuerda Jean Franco (esta obra y Franco 2013), está repleto de violencia y crueldad atadas, según sostiene, a regímenes de poder y posesión misóginos y patriarcales. No se trata de violencia al azar sino, como se ve en los dos ejemplos precedentes, de una crueldad orquestada, programática y tecnológicamente calificada. En su artículo, Franco demuestra cómo la imaginación y la escritura, incluso la suya, se han usado en forma continua para enfrentar esos regímenes de violencia. Ravelo y Domínguez analizan el desconcertante ejemplo contemporáneo de los femicidios de Ciudad Juárez en México, para lo cual exploran el amplio “campo de representación” que rodea esos asesinatos ritualizados. Los roles parecen revertirse en ese campo: los ciudadanos recolectan datos y pruebas, mientras que el sistema judicial genera mentiras, una medicina forense vacía, melodrama y fallos infundados. La “búsqueda de un registro efectivo” (Unruh) debe afrontar desafíos extraordinarios. La novela convencional, sostienen Ricalde y Domínguez, tiene el defecto de requerir la resolución de una trama, y aquí tal resolución no existe; el melodrama genera intensidad, pero también un placer perverso y sensacionalista; la película suele narrarse desde el punto de vista del perpetrador, lo cual deja al espectador con sentimiento de culpa y moralmente desorientado. Los femicidios difieren del terrorismo de estado, ya que los primeros no involucran antagonismos políticos. Ricalde y Domínguez concluyen que eso se debe a que el poder sobre la frontera que antes detentaba el estado ahora está en manos de redes delictivas y criminales: narcotraficantes, organizaciones de trata de personas y corporaciones trasnacionales. En esta nueva configuración, no existe la política, y las voces de las mujeres le reclaman al Estado que vuelva a ocupar su lugar y garantice el espacio para la conducción de la sociedad civil.
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Translation education
Master's degree - ISTRAD - Instituto Superior de Estudios Lingüísticos y Traducción (Sevilla, España)
Experience
Years of experience: 6. Registered at ProZ.com: Dec 2019.
English to Spanish (Asociación Argentina de Traductores e Intérpretes) English to Spanish (Instituto de Enseñanza Superior en Lenguas Vivas "Juan Ramón Fernández") English to Spanish (Instituto Superior de Estudios Lingüísticos y Traducción) Spanish to English (Universidad de Belgrano)
Memberships
N/A
Software
Aegisub, memoQ, Microsoft Excel, Microsoft Word, Powerpoint, Subtitle Edit, Subtitle Workshop, Trados Studio
Professional objectives
Meet new translation company clients
Meet new end/direct clients
Work for non-profits or pro-bono clients
Screen new clients (risk management)
Network with other language professionals
Find trusted individuals to outsource work to
Build or grow a translation team
Get help with terminology and resources
Learn more about translation / improve my skills
Get help on technical issues / improve my technical skills
Learn more about additional services I can provide my clients
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Bio
English
<> Spanish translations | Subtitling | Project Management
Background
A Technical, Scientific,
and Literary Translator with a Master's Degree in Audiovisual Translation, I
have experience translating corporate and academic texts and subtitling feature films, series and documentaries.
I have extensive corporate
experience in the Media & Entertainment Industry, as well as proven Project
Management and Multitasking skills.
Subtitling
I am a professional audiovisual translator with a keen eye for detail and fully acquainted with subtitling best practices.
I have subtitled TV series, documentaries and Marketing videos, always providing idiomatic and well-time subtitles in a variety of formats.
EN <>ES
Translation
I successfully translated
academic and scientific texts from English to Spanish, in fields such as Social
Sciences, Feminist Literature and Discourse Analysis.
I provided Spanish to
English translation services for Business Consulting and Technology Integration
companies in Argentina, mainly working with business articles, and HR and
corporate documents, and have helped many clients reach an international
audience and boost their business.
Project Management
background
In addition to my
translation experience, I worked as a Coordinator at a large multinational
company for 10 years, where I monitored deliveries, tackled-time sensitive
issues, successfully resolved conflicts, and negotiated mutually beneficial
agreements between parties.
During this time, I
developed strong project management skills, while my analytical,
organizational, and interpersonal skills were essential in finding innovative
solutions, improving processes, and ensuring the overall success of the
projects.
Final statement
I address every translation
project with professionalism and dedication and am always committed to
providing the best results. I am well fitted to manage and coordinate
projects, and can guarantee top-quality and customized translations based on
the clients' needs.
Keywords: subtitling, dubbing, business, social sciences, scripts, transcription, websites
