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Spanish to English: Finance General field: Bus/Financial Detailed field: Finance (general)
Source text - Spanish
Causas de endeudamiento relacionadas con el ciclo económico
En consideración al ciclo económico las siguientes situaciones dentro de una compañía pueden ocasionar la necesidad de solicitar crédito:
Aumento de las ventas.
Desaceleración durante el ciclo económico.
Aumento de las ventas
Un incremento en el volumen de las ventas provoca una demanda de nuevos activos; ese hecho es el motivo de que muchas empresas soliciten créditos.
Al aumentar las ventas, las cuentas por cobrar y las existencias normalmente aumentan proporcionalmente a efectos de mantener el crecimiento en las ventas.
Si este incremento de las ventas es lento o moderado, la compañía puede ser capaz de asumir la financiación que supone la adquisición de activos internamente a través de los beneficios.
Si el incremento de las ventas es muy rápido, la financiación interna puede no ser suficiente y en ese caso puede ser necesario financiarse a través de capital externo a la empresa.
El aumento en las ventas puede producirse de dos maneras:
Incremento de las ventas temporales.
Incremento de las ventas a largo plazo.
Incremento de las ventas temporal
El crecimiento de las ventas temporal se define como un aumento repentino en las ventas dentro de un período concreto de un año. Este tipo de crecimiento en las ventas sucede cuando las ventas aumentan rápidamente durante ciertos meses o temporadas, y posteriormente disminuyen con la misma celeridad tras el momento álgido de venta. Ejemplos:
Fabricantes de juguetes – Temporada de Navidad
Ropa de lana - invierno
Seasonal sales growth leads to seasonal increases in inventory and accounts receivable to support the higher sales level.
Seasonal financing needs increase/decrease directly with sales levels. They are created by the buildup of inventory before and during the surge period, and by the higher level of accounts receivable from sales during the surge period.
Seasonal sales growth can most effectively be financed by a line of credit or short-term draw note (short-term financing).
Translation - English Causes of Debt Associated with the Economic Cycle
In terms of the Economic Cycle the following situations in a company can create a need to apply for a loan:
Sales growth
Deceleration during the Economic Cycle
Sales Growth
An increase in the volume of sales causes a demand of new assets; this is why many businesses apply for a loan.
When there is an increase in sales, the accounts receivable and inventory normally increase proportionally in order to maintain the sales growth.
If this increase in sales is slow or moderate, the company is able to finance the acquisition of assets internally through its profit.
If the increase in sales is very fast, internal financing can be insufficient and in this case it may be necessary for the company to be financed through an external source.
The increase in sales can happen in two ways:
Seasonal sales growth
Long term sales growth
Seasonal Sales Growth
The seasonal sales growth can be defined as a sudden increase in sales during a specific time of the year. This type of sales growth happens when sales increase rapidly during certain months or seasons, and later decrease with the same speed after the peak sales. Examples:
Toy Manufacturing – Christmastime
Wool Clothing - Winter
Spanish to English: El Gran Libro del Petricor General field: Art/Literary Detailed field: Poetry & Literature
Source text - Spanish 73.
Einstein era un buen estudiante A pesar de lo que se suele decir, sobre todo respecto a sus malos resultados en matemáticas, Einstein empezó a estudiar cálculo tres años antes que el resto de sus compañeros. Sí es cierto que recibió ayuda de otros matemáticos a la hora de desarrollar su trabajo, incluida Mileva Maric, su primera esposa, pero estamos hablando de las ecuaciones que sustentan la teoría de la relatividad, no de los problemas del bachillerato.
74.
¿Es verdad que no hay Nobel de matemáticas porque la mujer de Alfred Nobel le fue infiel con el matemático Gosta Mittag-Leffler, que hubiera podido ganar el premio? Como recuerda Snopes, aunque Nobel tuvo tres amores importantes, nunca se casó. Por otro lado, había más candidatos que podrían haberle disputado el premio a Mittag-Leffler, como Henri Poincaré y David Hilbert. No se sabe por qué no hay Nobel de matemáticas, pero podría deberse a que el rey de Suecia ya financiaba el que concedía la revista Acta Mathematica (fundada por Mittag-Leffer) y Nobel quizás no quiso competir con un soberano. También es posible que considerara que era una ciencia demasiado teórica o que simplemente no le interesara.
75.
Edward Murphy formuló la ley de Murphy La ley de Murphy dice que si algo puede salir mal, saldrá mal. Este Murphy era el ingeniero aeroespacial Edward Aloysius Murphy y formuló su ley en 1949 después de descubrir que estaban mal conectados todos los electrodos de un arnés para medir los efectos de la aceleración y deceleración en pilotos. Al parecer (este punto no está claro), el enunciado original dice que “si hay dos o más maneras de hacer algo y una de ellas puede resultar en una catástrofe, alguien se decidirá por esta". 33
76.
Charles Darwin no inventó lo de “la supervivencia del más apto” o “la supremacía del más fuerte” Es cierto que Darwin escribió la frase, pero solo en la introducción a la quinta edición de El origen de las especies, citando a Herbert Spencer, que la había acuñado en su Principios de biología después de leer la primera edición del libro de Darwin. Darwin escribió que había usado el término selección natural, “pero la expresión utilizada a menudo por el Sr. Herbert Spencer de la supervivencia del más apto es más exacta, y es a veces igualmente conveniente”.
77.
¿Cuántos reyes magos hubo? Como recuerda Umberto Eco en Historia de las tierras y los lugares legendarios y en su novela Baudolino, los evangelios solo hablan de magos, sin indicar cuántos eran, cómo se llamaban y si eran reyes. Aunque sí había tres regalos, las tradiciones hablan de entre dos y doce, con nombres como Hormidz, Jazdegard, Hor, Basander, Karundas... En el siglo V, el papa León I dejó el número en tres y en el siglo siguiente se les asignaron sus nombres. Además, Baltasar no fue negro hasta finales del gótico, cuando se decidió que serían un blanco, un árabe y un africano, "para sugerir la universalidad de la redención". Recordemos que en esa época se conocían tres continentes: Asia, África y Europa.
78.
La doncella de hierro es un invento para museos de tortura Este sarcófago con clavos en su interior es una invención del arqueólogo Johann Siebenkees, que la fabuló en 1793 basándose en cuentos tradicionales.
79.
¿Por qué el norte está arriba en los mapas? Nos parece tan obvio que los mapas estén orientados hacia el norte que olvidamos que es una convención y que norte y arriba no son sinónimos. “No hay ninguna razón puramente geográfica por la que una dirección sea mejor que otra, o por qué los mapas occidentales modernos han naturalizado la asunción de que el norte debería estar arriba”, escribe Jeremy Brotton en Historia del mundo en 12 mapas. 34 De hecho, en los mapas medievales judeocristianos y hasta finales del siglo XV, la Tierra se representaba orientada hacia el este, con Asia arriba, Europa abajo a la izquierda y África abajo a la derecha. Al fin y al cabo, "orientar" viene de "oriente". El este se prefería en muchas culturas por ser la dirección por la que salía el sol, siendo el sur la segunda dirección en preferencia. El oeste se asociaba con la decadencia y la muerte, y el norte, “con la oscuridad y la maldad”. No en todas partes: los mapas babilonios y chinos, por ejemplo, se orientaban al norte, igual que los propuestos por el astrónomo Ptolomeo en el segundo siglo después de Cristo. Sí parece sensato que los mapas para navegar tengan en cuenta el eje norte-sur, dado el uso de brújulas, pero Brotton nos recuerda que se podría haber optado por el sur con la misma facilidad.
Translation - English 73.
Einstein was a good student despite what they say, especially regarding his bad grades in math. Einstein actually began studying calculus three years earlier than the rest of his classmates. It's true that he received help from other mathematicians, including Mileva Maric, his first wife, to further his work, but we are not talking about high school problems here, we are talking about the equations that support the theory of relativity.
74.
Is it true that there is no Nobel prize for mathematics because Alfred Nobel's wife was unfaithful with Gosta Mittag-Leffler, a mathematician who could have won the prize? According to Snopes, although Nobel had three significant lovers, he never married. On the other hand, there were candidates who could have competed with Mittag-Leffler for the award, such as Henri Poincaré and David Hilbert. We don't know why there isn't a Nobel prize in mathematics, but it could be because the king of Sweden already funded the prize awarded by the Acta Mathematica journal (founded by Mittag-Leffer) and perhaps Nobel didn't want to compete with royalty. It's also possible that he considered it to be a science that was just too theoretical or perhaps he was just uninterested.
75.
Edward Murphy formalized Murphy's law, Murphy's law states that if anything can go wrong, it will go wrong. The Murphy in question was Edward Aloysius Murphy, an aerospace engineer. He came up with his law in 1949 after discovering that all the electrodes in a harness, which was made to measure the effects of acceleration and deceleration on pilots, were badly connected. Apparently (this point is unclear), the original statement was "if there’s more than one way to do a job, and one of those ways will result in disaster, then somebody will do it that way." 33
76.
Charles Darwin did not coin the phrase "survival of the fittest". It is true that Darwin wrote the phrase, but only in the introduction to the fifth edition of On the Origin of Species, quoting Herbert Spencer, who had coined it in his Principles of Biology after reading the first edition of Darwin's book. Darwin wrote that he had used the term natural selection, "but the expression often used by Mr. Herbert Spencer of the survival of the fittest is more accurate, and is sometimes equally convenient."
77.
How many wise men were there? As Umberto Eco reminds us in the Book of Legendary Lands and in his novel Baudolino, the Gospels only refer to wise men, without indicating how many there were, what their names were or if they were kings. Although there were three gifts, traditionally there were said to be between two and twelve wise men, with names like Hormidz, Jazdegard, Hor, Basander, Karundas... In the 5th century, Pope Leo I decided on the number three and in the following century they were given names. Moreover, Balthazar was not black until the end of the Gothic era, when it was decided that there would be a white man, an Arab and an African, "to suggest the universality of redemption." We must remember that at that time only three continents were known: Asia, Africa and Europe.
78.
The Iron Maiden was invented for torture museums. This sarcophagus with nails on the inside was invented by the archaeologist, Johann Siebenkees who, to accompany his invention, created a story in 1793 based on traditional tales.
79.
Why is north is shown at the top of maps? It seems so obvious to us that maps are oriented northward that we forget this is nothing but a convention and that north and top are not synonymous. "There is no purely geographical reason why one direction is better than any other, or why modern Western maps have introduced the assumption that north should be at the top," writes Jeremy Brotton in A History of the World in 12 Maps. 34 In fact, on medieval Judeo-Christian maps and until the end of the 15th century, the Earth was depicted as east-facing, with Asia at the top, Europe on the bottom left and Africa on the bottom right. After all, "orientate" comes from "Orient,” i.e. the east. The east was preferred in many cultures because the sun came up there, south was the second preferred direction. West was associated with decay and death, and north, "with darkness and wickedness." Not everywhere however: Babylonian and Chinese maps, for example, were oriented to the north, like the maps proposed by the astronomer Ptolemy in the second century A.D. It does make sense to have navigation maps take into account the north-south axis, given the use of compasses, but Brotton reminds us that they could just as easily have opted for the south.
Spanish to English: Alcanzan y asesinan a dentista General field: Art/Literary Detailed field: Journalism
Source text - Spanish Un dentista fue asesinado a balazos por hombres no identificados, que escaparon tras el ataque ocurrido a las 2:20 de la tarde de ayer en la esquina de las calle Constituyentes de 1917 y Heriberto Jara, frente al Hospital de Especialidades.
La víctima fue identificada por su hermano como Leonardo Corona Barba, de 31 años de edad y profesión dentista.
Dispersos sobre la calle Constituyentes de 1917 y dentro de una farmacia que se está en el lugar, se encontraron más de 10 casquillos percutidos de arma larga; también se localizó una motocicleta roja en dicha calle, la cual era conducida por la víctima, ya que cerca del cuerpo se halló el casco de protección, y porque el mismo hermano de la víctima reconoció que Leonardo manejaba una moto roja.
Sobre los hechos, se presume que Leonardo era perseguido por sujetos pero en dicha calle que dejó la motocicleta y se echó a correr con el objetivo de refugiarse, pero fue alcanzado por las balas hasta quedar tirado en boca abajo sobre la banqueta, casi esquina con la calle Heriberto Jara.
Elementos de la policía Michoacán y pese a que se montó un operativo, no se localizó a los agresores. La escena del crimen fue acordonada y peritos y elementos de la Policía Ministerial acudieron para hacer las diligencias y hacer el levantamiento de los indicios, además de integrar la carpeta de investigación.
Las calles que confluyen en la esquina fueron cerradas a la circulación vehicular, hasta que fue retirado el cadáver y se terminó con los trabajos de los peritos.
Translation - English A dentist was shot and murdered by unidentified men. They escaped after the attack which took place at 2:20 yesterday afternoon on the corner of Constituyentes de 1917 and Heriberto Jara, in front of the Hospital de Especialidades.
The victim was identified by his brother as Leonardo Corona Barba, a 31-year-old dentist.
In a pharmacy nearby and scattered about on Constituyentes de 1917 more than 10 shell casings from a long gun were found; a red motorcycle was also found on the street, which the victim drove, since a helmet was found near the body, and because the brother of the victim remembered that Leonardo drove a red motorcycle.
In fact, it is presumed that Leonardo was pursued by the subjects but when he got to that street he got off his motorcycle and began to run in order to escape, but was shot by bullets until he was lying face down on the sidewalk, almost at the corner of Heriberto Jara.
Even though a manhunt was mounted by the Michoacán police, the perpetrators were not found. The scene of the crime was cordoned off and experts and members of the Ministerial police came to do their due diligence and bag evidence, as well as start the investigation.
The streets at that intersection were closed to vehicular traffic, until the corpse was removed, and the experts were finished.
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Bachelor's degree - Mount Royal University
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Years of experience: 10. Registered at ProZ.com: Sep 2015.
I've been working in the translation industry for the last 5 years. The majority of my clients have been lawyers and businesses. I have helped numerous immigrants get their documents translated and have worked closely with immigration lawyers to ensure all documentation will be accepted. For the past 2 years I have been translating newspaper articles, which has kept me up to date on current events in Latin America. I am an associate translator for ATIA. I completed my bachelor's degree from Mount Royal University back in 2014. At the start of my career I relied heavily on mentors and editors to ensure accuracy until I could successfully deliver accurate, quality work. This year, 2019, I launched my own translation website. I prefer to ask for long deadlines to ensure plenty of time for editing and re-editing for the best translation possible. However, when deadlines are short, I will ensure I can complete it on time before accepting the work. For client reviews of my work please see my LinkedIn profile here: Brielle Bautista
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