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All 25 European Union (EU) Member States are Parties to CITES and implement its provisions jointly through the EC Wildlife Trade Regulations (Council Regulation (EC) No. 338/97 and Commission Regulation (EC) No. 865/2006). There are four Annexes (A, B, C and D) to the EC Wildlife Trade Regulations: Annexes A, B and C largely correspond to Appendices I, II and III of CITES, but also contain some non CITES-listed species that are protected under EU internal legislation. Annex D, for which there is no equivalent in CITES, is often referred to as the “monitoring list”. It contains species for which import levels are monitored to determine the level of trade and potential threat to the species caused by the trade.