English to Polish Science Chemistry; Chem Sci/Eng

Other useful enzyme immobilization schemes include entrapment within a thick gel layer, adsorption onto a graphite surface, incorporation (by mixing) within the bulk of three-dimensional carbon-paste or graphite-epoxy matrices, and electrochemical codeposition of the enzyme and catalytic metal particles (e.g., Pt, Rh). Such codeposition, as well as electropolymerization processes, is particularly
useful for.localizing the enzyme onto miniaturized sensor surfaces. The mixedenzyme/carbon-paste immobilization strategy is attractive for many routine applications,
as it couples the advantages of versatility (controlled doping of several modifiers, e.g., enzyme, cofactor, mediator), speed (due to close prox- ELECTROCHEMICAL SENSORS 137
imity of biocatalytic and sensing sites and absence of membrane barriers), ease of fabrication, and renewability.