Anti-surge protection действително значи защита от пренапрежение. Тук обаче (и в двата случая) става дума за предпазители, т.е. за максималнотокова защита. При предпазителите anti-surge = slow-blow = time delay (fuse).

The time delay fuse (also known as anti-surge, or slow-blow) are designed to allow a current which is above the rated value of the fuse to flow for a short period of time without the fuse blowing.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fuse_(electrical)

Fuse Type
There are three basic types of fuses:
(1) Slow Blow/Time Lag/ Time Delay fuses
(2) Fast acting fuses
(3) Very fast acting fuses
. . . . .
Slow-blow fuse allows temporary and harmless inrush currents to pass without opening, but is so designed to open on sustained overloads and short circuits. Slow-blow fuses are ideal for circuits with a transient surge or power-on inrush. These circuits include: motors, transformers, incandescent lamps and capacitate loads. This inrush may be many times the circuit's full load amperes. Slow-blow fuses allow close rating of the fuse without nuisance opening. Typically, Slow Blow fuses are rated between 125% to 150% of the circuit's full load amperes.
http://www.circuitprotection.ca/fuseology.html

Slow Blow Fuses help provide overcurrent protection on systems
that experience large and frequent current surges as part of their
normal operation, and feature clear time characteristics of:
• 4 hours minimum at 100% of rated current;
• 120 seconds maximum and 1 second minimum at 200% of
rated current;
• 3 seconds maximum and 0.1 second minimum at 300% rated
current; and
• ranges from 0.0005 seconds minimum to 0.05 second
maximum at 800% of rated current.
http://docs.google.com/viewer?a=v&q=cache:f-KL88RmfwIJ:www.c...

На български се използва и "бавностопяем" (НЕ "бавнотопим"!), но то е по-разговорно.