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Documento de cesión de derechos patrimoniales de autor
con todo lo en él edificado, clavado y plantado

Glossary entry

Spanish term or phrase:

resuelto con forjado horizontal

English translation:

solved by using a horizontal slab

Added to glossary by eski
Feb 6, 2012 16:24
12 yrs ago
4 viewers *
Spanish term

resuelto con forjado horizontal

Spanish to English Tech/Engineering Architecture
Following on from a previous question, this phrase appears in an architectural article concerning an eighteenth century Spanish church.

El coro alto es una construcción relativamente reciente, realizada sobre la cancela de entrada por la fachada principal y resuelto con forjado horizontal, se apoya en la parte interior del muro de la fachada

Apart from the oddity of the position of the rood screen, does this mean that it is placed on top of a concrete base?
Proposed translations (English)
4 +3 solved by using a horizontal slab
4 +2 resolved with a horizontal structure
3 constructed with a floor structure
References
picture
Change log

Feb 20, 2012 17:40: eski Created KOG entry

Discussion

fionn Feb 20, 2012:
@Greg I think it's more the fault of the system really for generating automatic decisions, don't worry!
Nice line, Rodrigo!! Sláinte!
liz askew Feb 20, 2012:
@ Charles, I think you are right to draw future readers attention to this debate of the term. I am not a specialist of this subject at all, and only contributed findings. Your point point about this being an 18th century church is very valid.
Greg Hunt (asker) Feb 20, 2012:
Sorry! This is my fault, because I've taken too long to come back to this. I did, in fact, use "executed by means of a horizontal structure". So, Fionn's answer was "the most helpful" to me.
Rodrigo Maharg Bravo Feb 20, 2012:
I think we can agree this is real slab in the face to all concerned...
liz askew Feb 20, 2012:
Trouble is there are loads of references for "slab" too;
Apeos de encofrados para forjados > floor slab formwork shoring
www.proz.com › ... › Spanish to English › Construction / Civil Engineering
16 Dec 2009 – ... to English translation of Apeos de encofrados para forjados: floor slab ... floor structure, framework: están tirando los forjados de madera que ...
Charles Davis Feb 20, 2012:
Just for the record... This question is now decided, but it would be a pity if those consulting the glossary in the future were not warned that "forjado" means a floor structure, not a slab:

"Cambio de suelo sobre forjado de vigas de madera (rehabilitación vivienda)" (illustrated)
http://www.soloarquitectura.com/foros/showthread.php?23414-C...

"Los Forjados con Vigas de Madera han sido usados durante siglos, y en la actualidad prácticamente están en desuso."
http://www.construmatica.com/construpedia/Forjados_con_Vigas...

"La madera ha sido material casi exclusivo para la estructura de los forjados horizontales hasta el s. XIX. Su capacidad para trabajar a flexocompresión, junto a su accesibilidad, han sido, sin duda, los factores determinantes."
http://webs.demasiado.com/forjados/historia/madera/index.htm

Let me say once again that "forjado" is a structure, not a material. It denotes a structural function which is usually resolved nowadays with a slab, but the word itself does not mean "slab".
fionn Feb 20, 2012:
pity! since everyone seemed to agree that a slab was in fact wrong...??
well, no hard feelings...!
Charles Davis Feb 6, 2012:
Phil Anticipating Greg's answer, it is the parish church of San Miguel Arcángel in Jalance (Valencia), Spain.

"Forjado" certainly doesn't necessarily mean a slab. It simply means a load-bearing structural element, normally horizontal; in practice, generally a floor structure. It can consist of a reinforced concrete slab, and in modern construction it often does, but it can be made of wood, and before modern times it pretty well always was. It can also be made of metal. When it is made of wood or metal it consists of a series of beams. The word "forjado" denotes a structure and a function, not a material.

There's no reason why a "forjado" can't be an addition, and as I say, it can be made of wood. Really there's no need to specify the material here, as Fionn says. But if you call it a slab you are implying it must be concrete or stone, and this seems to me extremely unlikely in this case.
philgoddard Feb 6, 2012:
Perhaps you could tell us what church it is - there are no confidentiality issues unless you're actually working for the church concerned! As I understand it, forjado means slab, and it's an integral part of the building's structure, not a wooden addition.
Charles Davis Feb 6, 2012:
@Greg Re. the photo: I was being discreet about the source in case there were confidentiality issues! But it's there if anyone cares to look for it. You can't actually see the floor, but you can see what the thing generally looks like.
philgoddard Feb 6, 2012:
I think it may mean "structural floor", but I'm not sure. Nothing to do with concrete (!) or rood screens.

Proposed translations

+3
3 mins
Selected

solved by using a horizontal slab

solved by using a horizontal slab

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Note added at 4 mins (2012-02-06 16:28:53 GMT)
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www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8486128 - Traducir esta página
Haz hecho público que te gusta. Deshacer
de A Zsolnai - 1993 - Citado por 6 - Artículos relacionados
Using a horizontal slab apparatus with a buffer in the reservoirs at the level of the gel ("sea-level electrophoresis"), the retrograde discontinuous buffer system ...
Agarose electrophoresis of DNA in discontinuous buffers, using a ...onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/elps.../pdf - Traducir esta página
Haz hecho público que te gusta. Deshacer
de A Zsolnai - 1993 - Citado por 6 - Artículos relacionados
using a horizontal slab apparatus and a buffer system with improved properties. Using a horizontal slab apparatus with a buffer in the reservoirs at the level of ...
[PDF]
Effect of gravity on the fast modes of a horizontal coronal slabwww-solar.mcs.st-and.ac.uk/.../mcewan_diaz.pdf - Traducir esta página
Haz hecho público que te gusta. Deshacer
Formato de archivo: PDF/Adobe Acrobat - Vista rápida
de MP McEwan - Citado por 3 - Artículos relacionados
on a horizontal slab as a first step away from a homogeneous medium. Because of the ..... cients which we solve by using the auxiliary equation m2 + g c2 ...
Interpretation of Gravity Datagravmag.ou.edu/grav_interp/grav_interp.htmlEn caché - Similares - Traducir esta página
Haz hecho público que te gusta. Deshacer
... number of density distributions; combine gravity data with other constraints: ... furthermore, horizontal slab doesn't contribute to gravity anomalies; in some ...

eski :))

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Note added at 4 mins (2012-02-06 16:29:29 GMT)
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www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8486128 - Traducir esta página
Haz hecho público que te gusta. Deshacer
de A Zsolnai - 1993 - Citado por 6 - Artículos relacionados
Using a horizontal slab apparatus with a buffer in the reservoirs at the level of the gel ("sea-level electrophoresis"), the retrograde discontinuous buffer system ...


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Note added at 17 mins (2012-02-06 16:42:26 GMT)
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quizlet.com/8824488/print/En caché - Traducir esta página
Haz hecho público que te gusta. Deshacer
Churrigueresque: popular baroque style in Spain in the 18th century, named after the family, ... 36. east end: Term conventionally used for the altar end of a church, even when the church is ... 60. lintel: a horizontal slab over a door or window ...


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Note added at 18 mins (2012-02-06 16:43:32 GMT)
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The Parish Church of St Cuthbert Elsdon : Exteriorwww.northumberlandnationalpark.org.uk/.../exte...En caché - Traducir esta página
Haz hecho público que te gusta. Deshacer
The gable itself has a raised slab coping, with short horizontal returns at its feet, in a common late 18th or early 19th century manner. ... with 19th century tooled- and-margined quoins; a re-used stone in the west wall is inscribed 'W T 1715'.
[PDF]
Popular attitudes to memory, the body, and social identity: the rise of ...eprints.whiterose.ac.uk/.../mytumh2_PMAMytu... - Traducir esta página
Haz hecho público que te gusta. Deshacer
Formato de archivo: PDF/Adobe Acrobat - Vista rápida
de H Mytum - 2006 - Citado por 8 - Artículos relacionados
floor, is now a rare addition to a church, yet in the ... horizontal ledger slabs were identical to those used ... locations and elsewhere during the 18th century.


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Note added at 22 mins (2012-02-06 16:47:22 GMT)
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www.canberrahistoryweb.com/cemeteri... - AustraliaEn caché - Traducir esta página
Haz hecho público que te gusta. Deshacer
Terazzo: Used for gravestones, steps and drainage areas. ... Altars & Ledgers/ horizontal slabs: Flat, inscribed slabs of stone supported on raised ... Originally medieval, but out of favour around the 18th century, and revived in the 19th century. ... Usually on the outside walls of the church, or the surrounding churchyard walls.


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Note added at 1 hr (2012-02-06 17:59:16 GMT)
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Templo de Jerusalén - Wikipedia, la enciclopedia librees.wikipedia.org/wiki/Templo_de_JerusalénEn caché - Similares
Haz hecho público que te gusta. Deshacer
El forjado de piedra se cubrió con un solado de madera de cedro. ... masas de fieles, pero el Santuario del Templo sólo era accesible al rey y a los sacerdotes.


--------------------------------------------------
Note added at 3 hrs (2012-02-06 19:29:37 GMT)
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www.skally.net/sj/hist2.htmlEn caché - Traducir esta página
Haz hecho público que te gusta. Deshacer
The altar used to be a single stone slab sticking out of the wall with support pedestals .... The choir loft was usually stifling hot to make the pew area tolerable.
[PDF]
Immaculate Conception Parishimmaculatetc.org/downloads/IC_history.pdf - Traducir esta página
Haz hecho público que te gusta. Deshacer
Formato de archivo: PDF/Adobe Acrobat - Vista rápida
Additional slabs of the same material, salvaged from the original side altars, have been re-used in the form of a marble ... local stone craftsman Mark Knisley in I996 . The right side altar ... tradition, the organ and choir loft are situated in the rear ...
* Loft - (Architecture): Definitionen.mimi.hu › ArchitectureEn caché - Similares - Traducir esta página
Haz hecho público que te gusta. Deshacer
choir loft - a gallery in a church occupied by the choir ... In the r 5th century some of the stone staircases leading to the rood loft, with open tracery round the edge ...


--------------------------------------------------
Note added at 14 days (2012-02-20 17:39:50 GMT) Post-grading
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Many thanks to Greg and to my peers for your confirmation.
eski :))
Peer comment(s):
agree MPGS : :) I would prefer 'using a horizontal floor structure' -more general than a 'slab'. Best. :)
14 mins
Hi MPGS; also very viable although in this case the size of the slab may not necessarily imply a floor. Lintels used over dooways are also small slabs. Saludos eski :))
agree liz askew : CYPECAD. Analysis and design of reinforced concrete and steel ... cypecad.cype.us/ Both horizontal or inclined slabs may be introduced. Inclined slabs are simple to introduce as only the inclined plane has to be defined. This can be done by ...
31 mins
Hi Liz: Thanks for your confirmation; however, please note that -as we refer to an 18th-century church; the slab mentioned is probably a solid stone lintel (see last 3 links above) eski :))
agree philgoddard : It's not a lintel though - it's the floor of the choir.
46 mins
Could very well be; wish we had a picture to go by: Thanks Phil. eski :))
neutral Charles Davis : Extremely unlikely that they would have used a slab for the floor of this choir loft, and "forjado" doesn't necessarily mean a slab at all; this is almost certainly a "forjado de madera".
1 hr
Hi Charles: Thanks for your comment; just for the record: I never mentioned concrete and did refer to solid stone: Templo de Jerusalén - Wikipedia, la enciclopedia librees.wikipedia.org/wiki/Templo_de_JerusalénEn caché - Similares eski :))
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4 KudoZ points awarded for this answer. Comment: "Selected automatically based on peer agreement."
+2
53 mins

resolved with a horizontal structure

I wouldn't specify the material unless you have further info, as forjado could also be a wooden structure.
In Spanish and Colonial churches it is very common for the choir (and organ) to be placed on a platform above the entrance door, behind the congregation, with or without a screen (usu. depending on if it is connected to a women's convent or a monastery.) This could be resting on a simple few beams or an elaborate stone or brick vault.


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Note added at 56 mins (2012-02-06 17:20:50 GMT)
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Some pics:
The 4th pic on this page: http://ccasconm.blogspot.com/2010/09/piedrahita-la-villa-de-...
Several here: http://www.iglesiaenvillahermosa.com/ver_patrimonio.aspx?id=...
Example sentence:

"El forjado de madera en un edificio definido por crujías de luces moderadas, se resuelve con el empleo de viguetas,"

Reference:

http://www.construmatica.com/construpedia/Forjados_con_Vigas_de_Madera

http://teoriadeconstruccion.com/category/forjado-de-madera/

Note from asker:
Things are a bit clearer now. I didn't have any pictures, but Charles has pointed the way to one. This seems likely to be right
Peer comment(s):
agree Charles Davis : Yes, I agree with all you say. The forjado is almost certainly a wooden floor structure here (I've seen a photo). I'm dubious about "resolved", though; I'd just say "executed" or something. "Resuelto" just refers to how the thing is built.
4 mins
Thanks Charles. Executed may be better in this context if it is a general text - 'resolved' though ugly is used by architects all the time (and is clearly rubbing off on me!)
agree Alistair Ian Spearing Ortiz
37 mins
Something went wrong...
1 hr

constructed with a floor structure

only slightly different but reads better to me....
Something went wrong...

Reference comments

33 mins
Reference:

picture

http://www.cvr.etsia.upm.es/curso cype/cypecad/Manual CYPECA...

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Note added at 33 mins (2012-02-06 16:58:33 GMT)
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Forjado - Wikipedia, la enciclopedia libre
es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Forjado - Translate this page
Forma parte de la estructura horizontal de las diferentes plantas de un edificio, ... También existen forjados de hormigón armado macizo, al que se le llama losa.

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Note added at 35 mins (2012-02-06 17:00:11 GMT)
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CYPECAD. Analysis and design of reinforced concrete and steel ...
cypecad.cype.us/
Both horizontal or inclined slabs may be introduced. Inclined slabs are simple to introduce as only the inclined plane has to be defined. This can be done by ...

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Note added at 3 hrs (2012-02-06 19:50:29 GMT)
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un forjado > slab
www.proz.com › ... › Spanish to English › Construction / Civil Engineering
26 Aug 2004 – (KudoZ) Spanish to English translation of un forjado: slab [construction report - Construction / Civil Engineering (Tech/Engineering)].
Forjado vs. losa > slab foundation / slab strips
www.proz.com › ... › Spanish to English › Construction / Civil Engineering
11 Jan 2012 – (KudoZ) Spanish to English translation of Forjado vs. losa: slab foundation / slab strips [Construction / Civil Engineering (Tech/Engineering)].
frente de forjado > slab faces
www.proz.com › ... › Spanish to English › Construction / Civil Engineering
27 Feb 2008 – (KudoZ) Spanish to English translation of frente de forjado: slab faces [Construction / Civil Engineering (Tech/Engineering)].

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Note added at 3 hrs (2012-02-06 19:53:49 GMT)
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http://www.bmtpc.org/compendium/flooring/index.htm

A roof/intermediate floors is constructed to support the dead load of the roof structure and its covering, insulation and internal finishes, snow loads and pressure or suction due to wind and live load without undue deflection or distortion. In engineering parlance it is roof/floor is termed as slab.

FUNCTIONAL REQUIREMENTS OF A SLAB

ü Strength and stability

ü Resistance to weather and ground moisture

ü Durability and freedom from maintenance

ü Fire safety

ü Resistance to the passage of heat

ü Resistance to the passage of sound
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