The melt has to be protected from oxygen during teeming. Ovako Steel’s ingot teeming procedure uses a teeming shroud, which in combination with the “uphill teeming” and the high-grade auxiliary materials used, ensures that the oxygen pick-up from surrounding air is minimised. (Evolution)

Steel teeming time is a very important parameter in the new slide gate system with electromagnetic induction (called electromagnetic steel teeming system), and how to shorten this time is a key to realize application of the new system in continuous casting. (ScienceDirect)

A two dimensional axisymmetric model was developed to predict the heat flux in a steelmaking ladle during the teeming process. The model predicts dynamically the flow fields in both liquid phase and gas phase along with the movement of the liquid upper surface. (DiVa)