This question was closed without grading. Reason: Other
Jan 31, 2023 15:15
1 yr ago
16 viewers *
English term
Italy
EN>IT, DE>IT TRANSLATIONS
Native in: Italian 
Works in: English to Italian, German to Italian
Internal and external science
English to Italian
Social Sciences
Certificates, Diplomas, Licenses, CVs
esame universitario
Sto traducendo un certificato di laurea con relativo certificato degli esami sostenuti.
Si tratta di una laurea trimestrale in "Defence and security science" e l'esame in questione è stato dato all'inizio del V semestre (inizio del terzo anno).
Ho pensato a un errore: forse manca "security" prima di "science"?
Però sarebbe strano, trattandosi appunto di un documento ufficiale, nel quale immagino gli esami sono immessi automaticamente a seconda del piano di studio....
Qualche suggerimento????
Grazie!
Si tratta di una laurea trimestrale in "Defence and security science" e l'esame in questione è stato dato all'inizio del V semestre (inizio del terzo anno).
Ho pensato a un errore: forse manca "security" prima di "science"?
Però sarebbe strano, trattandosi appunto di un documento ufficiale, nel quale immagino gli esami sono immessi automaticamente a seconda del piano di studio....
Qualche suggerimento????
Grazie!
Proposed translations
(Italian)
| 4 | scienze teoriche e applicate |
Jessica Crotti
|
| 3 | internal and external security |
Michela Macrì
|
Proposed translations
58 mins
Jessica Crotti
Italy
Italy
Native in Italian
Italy
Breaking down language barriers
Native in: Italian (Variants: Standard-Italy, Lombard, Milanese, Swiss )
Works in: English to Italian, Spanish to Italian, English to Spanish, and 2 more.
scienze teoriche e applicate
Area: Storia della scienza/ filosofia della scienza
"INTERNAL AND EXTERNAL HISTORY OF SCIENCE
9.1. INTERNAL AND EXTERNAL FACTORS
The concepts of internal and external factors in science are used in different
ways.
Some authors (usually physicists and logicians) regard the relations inside
a theory or among different theories as internal and the relation between
theory and experience as external (e.g. Strauss, 1970).
Some others (usually sociologists of science) regard all relations inside a
scientific community as internal and the relations between this community
and other social groups as external (e.g. Kuhn, 1971).
Most authors (especially philosophers but also historians of science) use
intermediary concepts: they regard all cognitive factors and relations (both
theoretical and empirical) as internal and other factors and relations - sociological, psychological, economic, ideological - as external (e.g., Lakatos,
1971 )."
https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-94-010-1178-5_...
Alternativa:
Scienze pure e applicate
"INTERNAL AND EXTERNAL HISTORY OF SCIENCE
9.1. INTERNAL AND EXTERNAL FACTORS
The concepts of internal and external factors in science are used in different
ways.
Some authors (usually physicists and logicians) regard the relations inside
a theory or among different theories as internal and the relation between
theory and experience as external (e.g. Strauss, 1970).
Some others (usually sociologists of science) regard all relations inside a
scientific community as internal and the relations between this community
and other social groups as external (e.g. Kuhn, 1971).
Most authors (especially philosophers but also historians of science) use
intermediary concepts: they regard all cognitive factors and relations (both
theoretical and empirical) as internal and other factors and relations - sociological, psychological, economic, ideological - as external (e.g., Lakatos,
1971 )."
https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-94-010-1178-5_...
Alternativa:
Scienze pure e applicate
Peer comment(s):
| neutral |
FPC
: Sorry, but the text you quote is not about "pure" and "applied" science but the relations between science and external reality vs relations between competing theories. I doubt that's even relevant to Asker's question
21 mins
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Not having more details, I have stuck to the translation as faithful as possible to the source text. For such a Bachelor's degree, an examination in ballistics and a minimum of theoretical training should not be ruled out as a possibility.
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20 hrs
Michela Macrì
Italy
Italy
Native in Italian
Italy
Literature and Disability Studies, MA
Native in: Italian (Variant: Standard-Italy) 
Works in: English to Italian, Spanish to Italian
internal and external security
Io ho provato a cercare nei vari piani di studio della laurea magistrale in Defence and Security Science un esame con una dicitura simile ma purtroppo non l'ho trovato. Può darsi però che si riferisca al legame fra la sicurezza interna ed esterna come per esempio il rapporto fra la crisi nei Balcani, che è una minaccia proveniente dall'esterno e quella interna ai confini nazionali. Posto il link in cui c'è questo esempio. Spero di esserti stata utile.
Discussion
https://www.scuolacervantes.it/2021/02/10/scienze-della-dife...
dove si parla di sicurezza interna/esterna ... ma niente di più