English to Spanish Other Chemistry; Chem Sci/Eng

"In step a of Scheme F, compounds of formula (II) can be allowed to react with a nucleophile such as hydroxylamine hydrochloride in the presence of a base such as sodium carbonate in a mixed polar protic solvent system such as ethanol and water to give compounds of formula (XIII) as known in the art.
In step b of Scheme D, compounds of formula (IX) can be *thionated* by treatment with reagents such as Lawesson's reagent in organic solvents such as 1,4-dioxane to give compounds of formula (X)"

From a patent about pesticides.