Aug 22, 2022 18:40
1 yr ago
23 viewers *
Portuguese term

os produtos, os instrumentos, e as vantagens

Portuguese to English Law/Patents Law (general)
I'm working on a few files about Asset Recovery, specifically in the context of non-conviction based forfeiture and I'm having trouble distinguishing 3 terms from one another.

The three terms are:
produtos (do crime)
instrumentos (do crime)
vantagens (do crime)

Sometimes they are used independently, and sometimes they are used together. An example "uns apenas prevendo essa perda sem condenação para os instrumentos e os produtos, outros para os instrumentos, produto e vantagens."

Another complicating factor is that the author has taken it upon themselves to translate the terms within the document: "...podem ser declarados perdidos a favor do Estado os instrumentos e o produto – os objectos que tiverem servido ou estivessem destinados a servir para a prática de um facto ilícito típico ou que por este tiverem sido produzidos e que na língua inglesa são chamados de instrumentalities - bem como as vantagens (designadas como proceeds na língua inglesa) alcançadas com a prática de um facto ilícito típico.

Briefly, the author translates "instrumentos e produtos" as instrumentalities and "vantagens" as "proceeds".

However, it is my understanding that "instrumentalities" only refers to the objects used to commit the crimes, and not the objects produced by the crime.

Here are a few more sentences that define how the terms are being used:
1. Os produtos de facto ilícito típico, considerando-se como tal todos os objetos que tiverem sido produzidos pela sua prática; e
2. As vantagens de facto ilícito típico, considerando-se como tal todas as coisas, direitos ou vantagens que constituam vantagem económica, direta ou indiretamente resultante desse facto, para o agente ou para outrem.

Ideally, I would like to translate both "produtos" and "vantagens" as "proceeds", but it seems they need to be distinguished.

Any help out there?!

Discussion

Myriam Seers Aug 22, 2022:
Another option, to remove ambiguity, would be to use a phrase to describe "produtos" in this context: "the objects produced through commission of the crime" or something along those lines.
Myriam Seers Aug 22, 2022:
I don't think "advantages" of crime is really used though. The concept is "proceeds". I think in this case, and given the source text, produtos = fruits (the cocaine), instrumentos = instruments/instrumentalities (the plane) and proceeds = vantagens (the payment)
I found at least one clause on LawInsider that uses all three in a collocation:
https://www.lawinsider.com/clause/proceeds-fruits-or-instrum...
Teresa Freixinho Aug 22, 2022:
Ana, nesse caso "produto" é aquilo que se aufere com o crime, daí "proceeds". Ao menos foi o que encontrei como referência direta no dicionário do Marcílio Moreira de Castro.
Ana Rita Santiago Aug 22, 2022:
It seems the original text is in Portuguese from Portugal, and I don't know their criminal law. But if it were in Brazil, let's consider the crime of international drug traffiking. A pilot is paid to bring cocaine from Bolivia to Brazil on an airplane. The cocaine is the product, the airplane is the instrument, and the payment the pilot got is the advantage. In this case, as in the text you mention, both the cocaine and the plane will be seized by the State. The cocaine will be destroyed and the plane will be expropriated. So, according to your text, those two, product and instrument are the 'instrumentalities', while the pay the pilot received is the 'proceeds'. Maybe you could translate 'produto' as 'object' of the crime. Check this https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10611-021-09960-3...

Proposed translations

+4
1 hr
Selected

the proceeds, instruments and advantages

Sugestão.

Peer comment(s):

agree Mario Freitas :
2 hrs
Obrigada, Mário!
agree Neil Stewart
13 hrs
Obrigada, Neil!
agree Clauwolf
15 hrs
Obrigada, Cláudio!
agree Adrian MM.
1 day 17 hrs
Obrigada, Adrian!
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4 KudoZ points awarded for this answer. Comment: "Thanks, Teresa! This is definitely what I would lean towards as well. The author ended up requesting "proceeds and instrumentalities". "
1 hr

fruits, instruments and proceeds

Based on your text, how about "fruits" for "produtos"? It seems to fit the source text's definition: "Os produtos de facto ilícito típico, considerando-se como tal todos os objetos que tiverem sido produzidos pela sua prática"

"Fruits of crime" is "material objects acquired in consequence of commission of a crime."

The fruits can be distinguished from the proceeds in that they (the fruits) are the objects directly involved in the crime itself (such as drugs that were produced), whereas "proceeds" is a broader concept that includes indirect benefits (such as money received, for example).
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3 hrs

gains, instruments, benefits

gains, instruments, benefits
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